Abstract: According to systematical investigations and researches on the germplasm ofdouble harvesting water bamboo in China, it is classified into two types:Summer, harvesting type (S.type),summer and autumn harvesting type (S.Atype), and S.Atype isdivided into two groups.In this paper some new views about the present situation,targets and methods of breeding of water bamboo were discussed,and some suggestions atstudies on breeding and germplasm of double harvesting water bamboo were put forward.