Abstract: In this paper,chemical fingerprints were established by referring to the HPLC chromatography of ten batch samples from the Taihang Mountains.Phenomsil C18 (250×4.6 mm,5 μm) columns were used and methanol-water (0.5% phosphoric acid.) was chosen as the mobile phase.The column temperature was 30℃ and the fingerprints were detected at 238 nm.The flow rate was 0.8 mL/min.The quality of Rabdosia rubescens herba from different places was evaluated by similarity analysis and principal component analysis of chemical fingerprints.The results showed that R.rubescens had multiple germplasm,the diterpenoids from R.rubescens in different areas had significant differences,and the diterpenoids of different mutation types were changed,but showed no obvious trend.The results of this article provide a scientific basis for the protection and development of R.rubescens germplasm.