Similarity of the Floristic Characteristics of Different Coastal Wetlands in China
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摘要: 滨海湿地是地球上脆弱的自然生态系统和重要的生物景观成分。采用植物区系谱、相关性分析、主坐标分析及聚类分析等方法,研究了中国不同地区滨海湿地植物区系性质及属分布区类型组成的类似关系。结果表明:中国不同地区滨海湿地植物属级分布类型所占的比例随着纬度降低,温带分布型呈递减趋势,热带分布型呈递增的特点,这与不同区系成分的生态特性和纬度梯度上的能量格局分布是一致的;不同滨海湿地植物区系Shannon-Weiner指数具显著差异(1.430~2.154),而Simpson指数无明显变化(0.662～0.842),区系间相关系数为0.369～0.989;通过聚类分析和主坐标分析获得的聚类树状图和最小生成树,可将9个滨海湿地划分为5个集合组,较为一致地揭示了植物区系的类似性和分布格局。多种分析方法对比结合能客观地反映植物区系中属分布区类型关系的类似性,可为多个滨海湿地区系地理分布类似性的比较提供有效依据和参考。Abstract: Coastal wetlands are biologically important landscapes and among the most vulnerable ecosystems on Earth. Floristic spectrum, correlation analysis, principal coordinate analysis (PCO) and cluster analysis were conducted to reveal the floristic similarity of different coastal wetlands from China. Results showed that:with the decrease in latitude, a decreasing trend was observed in the proportions of temperate elements at the genus-level, while those of tropical elements showed contrary patterns, which may be strongly correlated with their different ecological characters and energy distribution;compared with other coastal wetlands, the floristic Shannon-Weiner index showed obvious differences (1.430-2.154), while the Simpson index showed no obvious differences (0.662-0.842). Correlation was significant at the 0.01 level by correlation analysis, with coefficients between 0.369 and 0.989. A two-dimensional PCO scatter plot and dendrogram based on the floristic spectra of nine coastal wetland flora were drawn, with the coastal wetland flora divided into five groups. Distribution patterns and floristic similarities of the nine coastal wetlands from China were revealed accordingly. Results indicated that these methods objectively reflected the areal-type similarities of different coastal wetlands at the genus-level, which should improve our understanding of the floristic similarities of coastal wetlands.
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