Morphological structure and function of the inner staminodes in Anaxagorea javanica
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摘要: 利用扫描电子显微镜、光学显微镜对爪哇蒙蒿子（Anaxagorea javanica Blume）可育雄蕊、内轮退化雄蕊和雌蕊的形态、结构进行了观察，并利用组织化学染色法对内轮退化雄蕊和柱头顶端腺毛化学成分进行了检测。结果显示，内轮退化雄蕊顶端为长条状腺毛，柱头顶端有头状和盾状腺毛，两者顶端的腺毛形态和结构明显不同，但分泌物成分类似，都含有蛋白质和脂类物质。内轮退化雄蕊的横切面为一层表皮细胞包围着薄壁组织，中央有一束维管束，与可育雄蕊花丝部位的横切面十分相似，是介于可育雄蕊和雌蕊之间的过渡结构。在雌蕊阶段，退化雄蕊顶端腺体释放的黏液供传粉昆虫觅食；在雄蕊阶段，退化雄蕊顶端覆盖柱头，呈S型，防止自花授粉。爪哇蒙蒿子薄片状可育雄蕊、内轮退化雄蕊以及可育雄蕊和退化雄蕊腹面上存在气孔等原始性状，是连接番荔枝科和其外类群的同源特征。Abstract: Scanning electron microscope (SEM) and light microscope (LM) were used to examine the morphology and structure of stamens, staminodes, and pistils in Anaxagorea javanica Blume. The glandular morphology of staminodes and stigma were different, but the chemical compositions were very similar. The cross-section of the stamens and staminodes were also similar. We speculated that the staminodes might be transitional structures between the stamens and pistils. In the female stage, the mucilage released by the staminode apically glandular hairs is used by pollinating insects; in the male stage, the staminodes are S-shaped and cover the stigma to prevent self-pollination.Flaky stamens, staminodes and the large pores which scattered with the ventral side of themt are considered original characters in Annonaceae.
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Keywords:
- Annonaceae /
- Staminode /
- Glandular hair
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