Phylogeographic study on Bretschneidera sinensis inferred from AFLP data
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摘要: 伯乐树（Bretschneidera sinensis Hemsl.）是主要分布于中国的濒危物种。采用AFLP分子标记对分布于中国11个省的24个伯乐树居群192个个体进行谱系地理学研究。结果显示，伯乐树有相对较高的遗传多样性水平，基因多样性指数（He）和Shannon指数（Ⅰ）分别为0.2728和0.4070。伯乐树居群间的遗传分化远大于居群内遗传分化，遗传分化系数GST=0.7138，基因流Nm=0.2005。通过聚类分析、STRUCTURE分析和BAPS分析发现，24个伯乐树居群可形成4大地理居群组和进化谱系；云贵高原东部地区居群遗传多样性较高，可能是伯乐树在中国的扩散中心和冰期避难所，伯乐树在冰期后由此向外进行居群扩散；南岭地区各居群遗传多样性水平普遍高于其他地区，与邻近地区各居群的亲缘关系较近，可能为伯乐树演化历史上的另一个冰期避难所。Abstract: Bretschneidera sinensis Hemsl. is a rare plant species mainly distributed in China. In this study, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) data were used to analyze genetic diversity, genetic structure, and phylogeography of this species. A total of 192 individuals from 24 populations in 11 provinces were sampled. Results showed a relatively high level of genetic diversity for B. sinensis, with an expected heterozygosity (He) and Shannon's diversity index (Ⅰ) of 0.2728 and 0.4070, respectively. Relatively high genetic differentiation (GST=0.7138) and lower gene flow (Nm=0.2005) among B. sinensis populations were detected. The infra-population genetic variations were significantly greater than the inter-population variations. Four phylogeographic groups were discovered from cluster, STRUCTURE, and BAPS analyses. Populations in the East Yungui Plateau showed high levels of genetic diversity with unique hereditary constitution. This area is a possible diversity center and glacial refuge for B. sinensis in China, which expanded northward, eastward, and southeastward after the last ice age. Populations from the Nanling Mountains, with a close relationship to their neighbor population, had higher genetic diversity than other areas. The Nanling Mountains are another probable glacial refuge in the evolutionary history of B. sinensis.
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Keywords:
- Bretschneidera sinensis /
- Phylogeography /
- AFLP /
- Genetic structure /
- Glacial refugia
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