Effects of aqueous extracts from Paris polyphylla seeds on seed germination and seedling growth of three kinds of plants
-
摘要: 利用滇重楼（Paris polyphylla Smith var.yunnanensis（Franch.）Hand.-Mazz.）种子外种皮和胚乳的水浸液对白菜（Brassica pekinensis（Lour.）Rupr.）、绿豆（Vigna radiata（Linn.）Wilczak）、小麦（Triticum aestivum L.）种子进行处理，研究滇重楼种子水浸液对3种植物种子萌发、幼苗生长和保护酶活性的影响，并利用GC-MS方法对滇重楼种子内源抑制物的成分进行分析。结果显示，不同浓度滇重楼外种皮、胚乳水浸液对上述3种受体植物的发芽率、苗高、根长及鲜重均产生影响，其作用强度和水浸液的浓度有关，总体上表现出低促高抑的双重浓度效应。滇重楼种子水浸液对白菜的影响作用最强，对绿豆的影响作用最弱，且胚乳水浸液的影响较外种皮强。不同浓度滇重楼种子外种皮和胚乳水浸液均能影响3种植物幼苗体内保护酶的活性，随着水浸液浓度的升高，叶片中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）活性总体增加，与对照相比差异显著。白菜、小麦过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性减少，与对照相比差异显著；绿豆过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性增加，但与对照相比无显著差异。利用GC-MS方法从胚乳和外种皮水浸液中分别检出8种和2种物质。研究结果表明滇重楼种子中存在内源抑制物质，可能是导致种子休眠的原因；种子水浸液可能通过影响植物幼苗保护酶的活性进而影响其正常生长；有机酸类物质可能是滇重楼种子内源抑制物之一。Abstract: Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis), mung bean (Vigna radiata), and wheat (Triticum aestivum) seeds were treated with different concentrations of aqueous extracts from Paris polyphylla episperm and endosperm. We studied the germination rate, seedling growth, and protective enzyme activity of the three plants through exposure to the aqueous extracts, and explored the activity and ingredients of endogenous inhibitors in P. polyphylla seeds. Results showed that different extract concentrations had certain effects on the germination rate, seedling height, seedling root length, and fresh weight of the seeds from the three plants. The strength of these effects increased at relatively low concentrations and decreased at relatively high concentrations. The effect on Chinese cabbage was stronger than that on wheat and mung bean, and the effect of the extract from the endosperm was significantly greater than that from the episperm. The extracts also influenced the protective enzyme activities of Chinese cabbage, mung bean, and wheat. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) and peroxidase (POD) activities significantly increased with increasing concentrations. Catalase (CAT) activity of Chinese cabbage and wheat significantly decreased, whereas that of mung bean showed a non-significant increase. GC-MS was applied to test eight substances from the endosperm aqueous extract and two from the episperm aqueous extract, with benzoic acid demonstrating germination inhibitory activity. Therefore, P. polyphylla seeds contain an endogenous inhibitor, whose activity changes with concentration, and may be the cause of seed dormancy. Aqueous extracts from P. polyphylla seeds may affect the normal growth of recipient seedlings by affecting the protective enzyme activity of recipient seedlings; furthermore, organic acids may be endogenous inhibitors of P. polyphylla seeds.
-
Keywords:
- Paris polyphylla /
- Aqueous extract from seeds /
- Seed germination /
- Seedling growth /
- GC-MS /
- Inhibitor
-
-
[1] 李恒. 重楼属植物[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1998:1-10. [2] 刘国顺. 烟草栽培学[M]. 北京:中国农业出版社, 2003:35-40. [3] 闫国琦, 张铁民, 徐相华, 李继宇.我国微耕机技术现状与发展趋势[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2008, 36(25):422-424. Yan GQ, Zhang TM, Xu XH, Li JY. Status and development trend of rotary tillers technologies in China[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2008, 36(25):422-424.
[4] 汤海峰, 赵越平, 蒋永培. 重楼属植物的研究概况[J]. 中草药, 1998, 29(12):839-842. [5] 王丽萍, 起学伟. 云南重楼野生驯化及栽培技术研究初探[J]. 中国野生植物资源, 2001, 21(1):62-63. [6] 黄玮, 孟繁蕴, 张文生, 王永炎. 滇重楼种子休眠机理研究[J]. 中国农学通报, 2008, 24(12):242-243. Huang W, Meng FY, Zhang WS, Wang YY. Study on seed dormancy mechanism of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis[J]. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2008, 24(12):242-243.
[7] 青格乐, 王玉芝, 张琼林, 孙杰. 植物种子休眠及破除方法研究进展[J]. 安徽农业科学, 2013, 41(11):4715-4716, 4719. Qing GL, Wang YZ, Zhang QL, Sun J. Advances in plant seed dormancy and explode method[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences, 2013, 41(11):4715-4716, 4719.
[8] 陈伟, 杨奕, 马绍宾, 李江. 滇重楼种子休眠类型的研究[J]. 西南农业学报, 2015, 28(2):783-786. Chen W, Yang Y, Ma SB, Li J. Study on dormancy type of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis seeds[J]. Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2015, 28(2):783-786.
[9] 戴萍. 光皮树种子萌发的生理特性及破眠技术研究[D]. 南京:南京林业大学, 2011:7-8. [10] 程汉亭, 范志伟, 李鸣光, 黄乔乔,李晓霞,等. 金钟藤种子低萌发率原因探讨[J]. 广西植物, 2012, 32(4):522-526. Cheng HT, Fan ZW, Li MG, Huang QQ, Li XX, et al. Probing the cause of the germination rate of Merremia boisiana[J]. Guihaia, 2012, 32(4):522-526.
[11] 刘龙元, 贺鸿志, 黎华寿. 3种茜草科药用植物乙醇浸提液对萝卜种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感作用[J]. 广东农业科学, 2014, 9(5):33-37. Liu YL, He YZ, Li YS. Allelopathic efects of ethanol extract of three medicinal plants from rubiaceae family on seed germination and seedling growth of Raphanus sativus L.[J]. Guangdong Agricultural Sciences, 2014, 9(5):33-37.
[12] 季琳琳, 肖正东, 徐小牛, 蔡新玲, 王陆军, 樊巍. 2025杨叶水浸提液对5种作物种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响[J]. 安徽农业大学学报, 2014, 41(2):209-212. Ji LL, Xiao ZD, Xu XN, Cai XL, Wang LJ, Fan W. Effects of water extracts from Poplar 2025 leaves on seeds germination and seedling growth of five crops[J]. Journal of Anhui Agricultural University, 2014, 41(2):209-212.
[13] 年慧慧, 张春椿, 李效贤, 熊耀康. 不同处理方法南方红豆杉种子浸提液内源抑制物活性研究初探[J]. 浙江中医药大学学报, 2012, 36(9):1021-1028. Nian HH, Zhang CC, Li XX, Xiong YK. Preliminary study on the activity of endogenesis inhibitory substances of extracts of Taxus mairei (Lemee et Levi.) S. Y. Hu ex Liu seeds handled by different treatment[J]. Journal of Zhejiang University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2012, 36(9):1021-1028.
[14] 廖源林, 蔡仕珍, 李西, 林瑞. 野鸦椿种子内源抑制物活性初探[J]. 广西植物, 2016, 36(5):600-606. Liao YL, Cai SZ, Li X, Lin R. Preliminary study of endogenous inhibitors activity of Euscaphis japonica seeds[J]. Guihaia, 2016, 36(5):600-606.
[15] Chance B, Maehly AC. Assay of catalyses and peroxidases[J]. Meth Enzymology, 1955, 2(7):746-755.
[16] Stewart RR, Bewley JD. Lipid peroxidation associated with accelerated aging of soybean axes[J]. Physiol Plan,1980, 65(2):245-248.
[17] 宋会兴, 刘光立, 高素萍, 陈其兵. 四川牡丹种子浸提液内源抑制物活性初探[J]. 园艺学报, 2012, 39(2):370-374. Song HX, Liu GL, Gao SP, Chen QB. Effects of crude extracts of Paeonia decomposita seeds on germination and activities of antioxidant enzyme of Brassica pekinensis[J]. Acta Horticulturae Sinica, 2012, 39(2):370-374.
[18] 郭婷, 李焘, 张自萍, 王喆之. 七叶一枝花与滇重楼脂溶性成分的GC-MS分析[J]. 陕西农业科学, 2011, 57(4):14-16. Guo T, Li T, Zhang ZP, Wang ZZ. Analysis of fat-soluble components in Paris polyphylla Smith var. chinensis (Franch.) Hara and Paris polyphylla Smith var. yunnanensis(Franch.) Hand.-Mazz by GC-MS[J]. Shaanxi Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 2011, 57(4):14-16.
[19] 张艳杰, 鲁顺保, 高捍东. 南方红豆杉种子甲醇浸提液中不同萃取成分对白菜种子的抑制作用研究[J]. 江西农业大学学报, 2010, 32(3):553-559. Zhang YJ, Lu SB, Gao HD. Inhibition of different extraction components of methanol soaked from seed of Taxus chinensis var. mairei on cabbage seed[J]. Acta Agriculturae Universitatis Jiangxiensis, 2010, 32(3):553-559.
[20] 孙佳, 郭江帆, 魏朔南. 植物种子萌发抑制物研究概述[J]. 种子, 2012, 31(4):57-61. Sun J, Guo JF, Wei SN. Overview on inhibitors of plant seed germination[J]. Seed, 2012, 31(4):57-61.
[21] 黄高宝, 柴强, 黄鹏. 植物化感作用影响因素的再认识[J]. 草业学报, 2005, 14(2):16-22. Huang GB, Chai Q, Huang P. Review on influence factors of plant allelopath[J]. Acta Pratacultural Science, 2005, 14(2):16-22.
[22] 唐凤鸾, 陈月圆, 李典鹏. 巨尾桉叶片挥发物对三种植物种子萌发及幼苗生长的化感效应[J]. 广西植物, 2011, 34(4):450-454. Tang FL, Chen YY, Li DP. Allelopathic effects of Eucalyptus grandis×E. urophlla leaf volatile on seed germination and seedling growth[J]. Guihaia, 2011, 34(4):450-454.
[23] 徐艳芝, 孟思彤, 王振月. 兴安升麻种子内源抑制物质活性的研究[J].中国林副特产, 2015(1):29-31. Xu YZ, Meng ST, Wang ZY. Study on endogenous inhibitory substance activity of Cimicifuga dahurica (Turcz.)Maxim.[J]. Forest by-Product and Speciality in China, 2015(1):29-31.
[24] 卢芳, 李振华. 五角枫种子不同部位发芽抑制作用的研究[J]. 种子, 2014, 33(1):44-47. Lu F, Li ZH. Study on germination inhibitors in different fractions of Acer mono[J]. Seed, 2014, 33(1):44-47.
[25] 金微微, 张会慧, 王炎, 王鹏,焦志丽,等.茉莉酸甲酯对干旱及复水下烤烟幼苗光合特性和抗氧化酶的影响[J]. 干旱区地理, 2011, 34(6):933-940. Jing WW, Zhang HH, Wang Y, Wang P, Jiao ZL, et al. Effects of Methyl jasmonate on photosynthetic characteristics and antioxidant enzyme of flue-curing tobacco seedlings under drought stress and rehydration[J]. Arid Land Geography, 2011, 34(6):933-940.
[26] 胡晓辉, 郭世荣, 李璟, 王素平, 贾永霞. 低氧胁迫对黄瓜幼苗根系无氧呼吸酶和抗氧化酶活性的影响[J]. 武汉植物学研究, 2005, 23(4):337-341. Hu XH, Guo SR, Li J, Wang SP, Jia YX. Effects of hypoxia stress on anaerobic respiratory enzyme and antioxidant enzyme activities in roots of cucumber seedlings[J]. Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research, 2005, 23(4):337-341.
[27] Weir TL, Park SW, Vivanco JM. Biochemical and physiological mechanisms mediated by allelochemicals[J]. Curr Opin Plan Biol, 2004, 7(4):472-479.
[28] 朱慧, 马瑞君, 陈树思, 王明理. 高寒草场主要牧草对黄帚橐吾水浸液化感胁迫的生理响应, 草业学报, 2007, 16(5):102-106. Zhu H, Ma RJ, Chen SS, Wang ML. Physiological responses of main pasture plants in psychro-grassland to allelopathic stress of aqueous extracts from Ligularia virgaura[J]. Acta Prataculturae Sinica, 2007, 16(5):102-106.
[29] Basis HP, Vepachedu R, Gilroy S, Callaway RM, Vivanco JM. Allelopathy and exotic plant invasion:From molecules and genes to species interactions[J]. Science, 2003, 301(5638):1377-1380.
-
期刊类型引用(6)
1. 冯为迅，杨源通，苏立城，盛晗，隆曼迪，储双双，曾曙才. 施用复合肥对巴戟天产量、养分吸收和寡糖累积量的影响. 华南农业大学学报. 2024(01): 71-79 . 
百度学术
2. 周驰宇，许玉兰，李伟. 氮磷追肥配施对云南松幼苗根系生长的影响. 现代农业科技. 2024(07): 90-93 . 百度学术
3. 周驰宇，李瑞连，蔡年辉，贺斌，许玉兰. 氮磷配施对云南松幼苗生长及养分的影响. 东北林业大学学报. 2024(06): 7-11+50 . 百度学术
4. 冯嘉仪，谢姗宴，吴道铭，欧阳健辉，曾曙才. 氮磷钾配施对银杏果实和外种皮产量及品质的影响. 生态学杂志. 2021(06): 1650-1659 . 百度学术
5. 马琳，陈昌婕，苗玉焕，郭兰萍，刘大会. 基于蕲艾产量和品质的氮肥适宜施用量研究. 植物营养与肥料学报. 2021(09): 1665-1674 . 百度学术
6. 张秋玲，杨秀珍，戴思兰，张倩，罗虹，张伯晗. 不同氮磷钾水平对毛华菊生长发育的影响. 山东农业大学学报(自然科学版). 2020(04): 611-616 . 百度学术
其他类型引用(6)
计量
- 文章访问数: 841
- HTML全文浏览量: 0
- PDF下载量: 1033
- 被引次数: 12
下载:
