Pollination characteristics of two sympatrically distributed Tamarix species in south Xinjiang, China
-
摘要: 以同域分布于新疆南部的早春开花植物短穗柽柳（Tamarix laxa Willd）和紫杆柽柳（T.androssowii Litw）为材料，对它们的开花式样、花部特征、花报酬特点、传粉特性及交配方式进行比较研究。结果表明，2种植物居群和个体水平的花期及单花寿命间存在显著差异；紫杆柽柳的居群花期比短穗柽柳短，而短穗柽柳个体花期和单花寿命比紫杆柽柳长。2种柽柳的花瓣、雌雄蕊长度、花粉胚珠数及花粉/胚珠比值（P/O）间也存在显著差异。二者的花瓣、雌雄蕊均能分泌香味，访花频率与花蜜量均存在正相关。主要传粉者在短穗柽柳上的访花频率和沉积花粉效率高于紫杆柽柳，且存在显著差异。2种植物通过自花和异花授粉均可结实，属于混合交配系统；二者的自交不亲和指数及花粉限制程度间存在显著差异；紫杆柽柳的自交亲和性高于短穗柽柳，而短穗柽柳的花粉限制指数高于紫杆柽柳。因此，2种柽柳的开花式样、花部特征及花报酬的差异，是它们在传粉者受限的早春环境中为吸引更多的访花昆虫、提高雌性繁殖率所形成的繁殖对策。Abstract: Tamarix laxa Willd and T. androssowii Litw are two early spring flowering plants, which are widely and sympatrically distributed in south Xinjiang, China. A comparative study of flowering characters, floral rewards, pollination characters, and mating mode in T. laxa and T. androssowii was undertaken in the same natural population. We aimed to explore the effect of floral syndrome on pollination characteristics. Population-and individual-level flowering time and floral longevity were significantly different between species (P < 0.01); the population-level flowering time of T. laxa was longer than that of T. androssowii, but individual-level flowering time and floral longevity of T. androssowii was longer than that of T. laxa. The lengths of each floral parameter (petals, stamens, and pistils) and numbers of pollen and ovules were significantly different between species. Petals, stamens, and pistils were fragrant and nectar volume was significantly positively correlated with pollinator visiting frequency. Visiting frequency and pollen deposited on the stigma by the major pollinator were significantly different between species, and were higher in T. androssowii than in T. laxa. Flowers produced fruits after self-pollination and cross-pollination; thus, they exhibited a mixed mating system. There were significant differences between the self-incompatibility and pollen limitation index in both species. The self-incompatibility index was higher in T. androssowii than in T. laxa, but pollen limitation was higher in T. laxa than in T. androssowii. Thus, both species exhibited pollen limitation due to low pollinator activity.
-
Keywords:
- Tamarix laxa /
- T.androssowii /
- Floral rewards /
- Mating patterns /
- Pollination characters
-
-
[1] Ishii HS, Sakai S. Temporal variation in floral display size and individual floral sex allocation in racemes of Narthecium asaticum (Liliaceae)[J]. Amer J Bot, 2000, 89:441-446.
[2] 张大勇. 植物繁殖生态学与生活史[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 2004. [3] Navarro L, Ayensa G, Guitian P. Adaptation of floral traits and mating system to pollinator unpredictability:the case of Disterigma stereophyllum (Ericaceae) in Southwestern Colombia[J]. Plant Syst Evol, 2007, 266:165-174.
[4] 李交昆,唐璐璐. 花对称性的研究进展[J]. 生物多样性, 2012, 20(3):280-285. Li JK, Tang LL. Progress in the study of floral symmetry[J]. Biodiversity Science, 2012, 20(3):280-285.
[5] 邓惠, 向甘驹, 郭友好, 杨春锋. 秦岭忍冬属4种植物的繁育系统及花色变化的研究[J]. 植物科学学报, 2017, 35(1):1-12. Deng H, Xiang GJ, Guo YH, Yang CF. Study on the breeding system and floral color change of four Lonicera species in the Qinling Mountains[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2017, 35(1):1-12.
[6] Sapir Y, Karoly K, Koelling VA, Sahli HF, Knapczyk FN, Conner JK. Effect of expanded variation in anther position on pollinator visitation to wild radish, Raphanus raphanistrum[DB/OL]. (2017-05-23)[2018-04-15]. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcx041.
[7] Llond DG, Yates JMA. Intersexual selection and the segregation of pollen and stigmas in hermaphrodite plants, exemplified by Wahlenbergia albomarginata (Campanulaceae)[J]. Evolution, 1982, 36:903-913.
[8] Lloyd DG, Webb CJ. The avoidance of interference between the presentation of pollen and stigmas in angiospermsⅠ. Dichogamy[J]. New Zeal J Bot, 1986, 24:135-162.
[9] Barrett SCH, Harder LD. Ecology and evolution of plant mating[J]. Trend Ecol Evol, 1996, 11:73-79.
[10] Etcheverry AV, Aleman MM, Fleming TF. Flower morpho-logy, pollination biology and mating system of the complex flower of Vigna caracalla (Fabaceae:Papilionoideae)[J]. Ann Bot-London, 2008, 102:305-316.
[11] Wiemer AP, Sersic AN, Marino S, Simoes AO, Cocucci AA. Functional morphology and wasp pollination of two South American asclepiads (Asclepiadoideae-Apocynaceae)[J]. Ann Bot-London, 2012, 109:77-93.
[12] Barrett SCH. Mating strategies in flowering plants:the outcrossing-selfing paradigm and beyond[J]. Philos T R Soc B, 2003, 358:991-1004.
[13] 新疆植物志编辑委员会. 新疆植物志:第3卷[M]. 乌鲁木齐:新疆科技卫生出版社, 2010. [14] Kearns CA, Lnouye DW. Techniques for Pollination Biologists[M]. Colorado:Colorado University Press, 1993.
[15] Ferrer MM, Good-Avila SV, Montana C, Domanguez CA, Eguiarte LE. Effect of variation in self-incompatibility on pollen limitation and inbreeding depression in Flourensia cernua (Asteraceae) scrubs of contrasting density[J]. Ann Bot-London, 2009, 103:1077-1089.
[16] Larson BH, Barrett SCH. The ecology of pollen limitation in buzz-pollinated Rhexia virginica (Melastomataceae)[J]. J Ecol, 2000, 87:371-381.
[17] Barrett SCH. Understanding plant reproductive diversity[J]. Philos T R Soc B, 2010, 365:99-109.
[18] Ashman TL, Knight TM, Steets JA, Amarasekare P, Burd M, et al. Pollen limitation of plant reproduction ecological and evolutionary causes and consequences[J]. Ecology, 2004, 85:2408-2421.
[19] He YP, Duan YW, Liu JQ, Smith WK. Floral closure in response to temperature and pollination in Gentiana straminea Maxim (Gentianaceae), an alpine perennial in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau[J]. Plant Syst Evol, 2006, 256:17-33.
[20] Sun SG, Guo YH, Gituru RW, Huang SQ. Corolla wilting facilitates delayed autonomous self-pollination in Pedicularis dunniana (Orobanchaceae)[J]. Plant Syst Evol, 2005, 251:229-237.
[21] Newman E, Anderson B, Johnson SD. Flower colour adaptation in a mimetic orchid[J]. P Roy Soc B-Biol Sci, 2012, 279:2309-2313.
[22] 张洋, 谭敦炎. 地下结实植物白番红花的繁育系统与传粉生物学[J].生物多样性, 2009, 17(5):468-475. Zhang Y, Tan DY. Breeding system and pollination biology of Crocus alatavicus (Iridaceae), a geocarpic subalpine plant of the western Tianshan mountains[J]. Biodiversity Science, 2009, 17(5):468-475.
[23] Abdusalam A, Tan DY. Contribution of temporal floral closure to reproductive success of the spring-flowering Tulipa iliensis[J]. J Syst Evol, 2014, 52:186-194.
[24] Ashman TL, Schoen DJ. How long should flowers live?[J]. Nature, 1994, 371:788-791.
[25] Ivey CT, Carr DE. Tests for the joint evolution of mating system and drought escape in Mimulus[J]. Ann Bot-London, 2012, 109:583-598.
[26] Irwin RE. Morphological variation and female reproductive success in tow sympatric Trillium species:evidence for phenotypic selection in Trillium erectum and Trillium grandiflorum (Liliaceae)[J]. Amer J Bot, 2000, 87:205-214.
[27] Shimon A, Washitani I. Factors affecting variation in seed production in the heterostylous herb Primula modesta[J]. Plant Spec Biol, 2007, 22:65-76.
[28] E0stes JR, Brown LS. Entomophilous, intrafloral pollination in Phyla incisa[J]. Amer J Bot, 1973, 90:1153-1158.
[29] Aizen MA, Harder LD. Expanding the limits of the pollen-limitation concept:effects of pollen quantity and quality[J]. Ecology, 2007, 88:271-281.
[30] Pirone-Davies C, Prior N, von Aderkas P, Smith D, Hardie D. Insights from the pollination drop proteome and the ovule transcriptome of Cephalotaxus at the time of pollination drop production[J]. Ann Bot-London, 2016, 117:973-984.
[31] Ramsey M. Ovule pre-emption and pollen limitation in a self-fertile perennial herb (Blandfordia grandiflora, Liliaceae)[J]. Oecologia, 1995, 103:101-108.
-
期刊类型引用(5)
1. 侯亚欣，杨赵平，刘香楠，菅佳鑫，曾思维. 同域分布5种柽柳属植物不同开花时期花粉活力研究. 西北林学院学报. 2025(01): 83-91 . 
百度学术
2. 孙瑶，钟问，李一博. 塔里木盆地东南缘多枝柽柳主要传粉昆虫及其传粉生物学特征. 新疆农业科学. 2024(06): 1497-1504 . 百度学术
3. 赛丽塔娜提·赛达克拜尔，钟问，余润泽. 盐地柽柳(Tamarix karelinii Bunge)的传粉生物学特征及传粉能力差异. 新疆农业科学. 2023(07): 1756-1765 . 百度学术
4. 麦迪乃姆·阿卜杜热伊木，钟问. 塔里木盆地三种柽柳的主要传粉昆虫及访花行为. 西南农业学报. 2023(06): 1328-1335 . 百度学术
5. 哈里布努尔，古丽扎尔·阿不都克力木，热依拉穆·麦麦提吐尔逊，艾沙江·阿不都沙拉木. 黑果枸杞两种花型的花部综合征与传粉特性. 植物生态学报. 2022(09): 1050-1063 . 百度学术
其他类型引用(3)
计量
- 文章访问数: 865
- HTML全文浏览量: 0
- PDF下载量: 1083
- 被引次数: 8
下载:
