Responses of different genotype Fagopyrum tataricum seedlings to low phosphorus stress
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摘要: 采用沙培法，以4个不同耐低磷苦荞（Fagopyrum tataricum（L.） Gaertn）品种为材料，设正常磷处理（P1，2 mmol/L对照）、低磷胁迫（P2，1 mmol/L）和极低磷胁迫（P3，0.2 mmol/L）3个处理，研究低磷胁迫对苦荞苗期农艺性状、生理生化指标以及植株磷利用的影响。结果显示：（1）低磷胁迫下，苦荞苗期株高、茎粗、叶面积、地上部干重、根系干重、根系平均直径、根系表面积、根系体积等指标均有所下降；主根伸长、根冠比有所升高，但不同品种的升降幅度有所不同。（2）低磷胁迫使苦荞叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量和根系活力均有所下降，根系的SOD活性、POD活性、酸性磷酸酶活性、可溶性糖含量、游离脯氨酸含量显著增加，且表现为耐低磷苦荞品种的增幅大于不耐低磷苦荞。（3）低磷胁迫使苦荞植株全磷含量和单株磷积累量下降，却使磷利用效率升高。研究结果表明耐低磷品种通过主根伸长下扎以及分泌较多的酸性磷酸酶，合理吸收与利用土壤磷素，通过保持叶片较高的叶绿素含量维持较强的光合能力，通过保持较高的抗氧化酶活性降低膜脂过氧化伤害，最大程度的适应低磷环境。Abstract: To explore the responses of Fagopyrum tataricum to low phosphorus(P) stress, a potting experiment was conducted to examine the agronomic traits and physiological characters of four genotypes of F. tataricum at the seedling stage under different P treatment(P1, 2 mmol/L, CK; P2, 1 mmol/L; P3, 0.2 mmol/L). Results showed that with increasing P stress:(1) Plant height, stem diameter, leaf area, dry weight of shoots and roots, average root diameter, root surface area, and root volume decreased for all genotypes, whereas the length of the main root and most root-shoot ratios increased. To some extent, the amplifications of different genotypes were significantly different.(2) Chlorophyll content, soluble protein content, and root activity decreased, whereas root superoxide dismutase(SOD) activity, peroxidase(POD) activity, acid phosphatase activity, soluble sugar content, and free proline content all increased, and the increase was greater in low-P tolerant cultivars than that in low-P sensitive F. tataricum.(3) Total P content and P accumulation per plant decreased, whereas P use efficiency increased. Therefore, to adapt to low-P environments, the low-P tolerant cultivars absorbed and utilized soil P by root growth and higher acid phosphatase, maintained stronger photosynthetic capacity by higher chlorophyll content, and reduced membrane lipid peroxidation damage by higher antioxidant enzyme(e.g., SOD and POD) activity.
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Keywords:
- Fagopyrum tataricum /
- Physiology and growth /
- Low phosphorus stress /
- Seedlings
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