不同基因型水稻苗期抗氧化系统对低温胁迫的响应

郭慧; 李树杏; 孙平勇; 邓华凤

doi:10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2019.10063

不同基因型水稻苗期抗氧化系统对低温胁迫的响应

郭慧^1,2,
李树杏²,
孙平勇³,
邓华凤^1,3, ,

1.
中南大学研究生院隆平分院, 长沙 410125
2. 贵州省农业科学院水稻研究所, 贵阳 550006
3. 湖南杂交水稻研究中心/杂交水稻国家重点实验室, 长沙 410125

基金项目: 国家重点研发计划（2016YFD0101101-4）；贵州省农业动植物育种项目（黔农育专字[2017]001，[2018]018）；贵州省水稻产业技术体系建设项目（GZCYTX2018-0601）；贵州省农科院自主创新科研项目（黔农科院自主创新科研专项字（2014）19号）

详细信息

作者简介:
郭慧(1977-),男,博士研究生,研究方向为水稻杂种优势利用(E-mail:nksgh2008@163.com)

通讯作者:
邓华凤.Email:denghuafeng@sohu.com

中图分类号: Q945.78
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- 文章访问数: 1023
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-08-22
- 修回日期: 2018-09-27
- 发布日期: 2019-02-27

Responses of antioxidant system in different genotypes of Oryza sativa seedlings to cold stress

1.
Longping Branch of Graduate School, Central South University, Changsha 410125, China
2. Rice Research Institute of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550006, China
3. State Key Laboratory of Hybrid Rice, Hunan Hybrid Rice Research Center, Changsha 410125, China

Funds: This work was supported by grants from the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0101101-4, Agricultural Animal and Plant Breeding Project of Guizhou Province (Qian Nong Yu Zhuan Zi[2017]001,[2018] 018), Guizhou Rice Industry Technology System Construction Project(GZCYTX2018-0601),and Independent Innovation Research Project of Guizhou Academy of Agricultural Sciences([2014]19)

摘要

摘要: 以2个籼型水稻（Oryza sativa L. subsp.indica Kato）和2个粳型水稻（O.sativa L. subsp. japonica Kato）品种为材料，比较其幼苗经低温胁迫和恢复生长后的活性氧（ROS）代谢、抗氧化酶活性、抗氧化剂含量和渗透调节物质的变化。结果显示，经低温胁迫后，4个水稻品种的H₂O₂含量均显著升高；抗氧化酶系统中的5种酶活性均有不同程度升高，且超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性增加显著，而谷胱甘肽还原酶（GR）的活性增加不显著。抗氧化剂还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）和还原型抗坏血酸（AsA）在‘明恢86’中显著增加。渗透调节物质脯氨酸的含量在‘黔恢1385’和‘日本晴’中变化不显著；可溶性糖含量在‘明恢86’中变化不显著。经过7 d恢复生长后，4个水稻品种的上述各生理指标均不同程度恢复到处理前的水平。研究结果表明，抗氧化酶活性的升高有效降低了ROS的水平，缓解了低温冷害对细胞膜的伤害。低温胁迫时细胞内维持了较高的可溶性糖含量，提高了胞内水势，减少因细胞失水而对植物造成的伤害。
- 水稻 /
- 低温胁迫 /
- 渗透调节 /
- 抗氧化物质
Abstract: We explored the physiological mechanism of Oryza sativa L. seedlings to resist low temperature stress and different physiological mechanisms of cold tolerance between indica O. sativa and japonica O. sativa. Two indica varieties (O. sativa L. subsp. indica Kato) and two japonica varieties (O. sativa L. subsp. japonica Kato) were used as materials. We compared the changes in reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism, antioxidant enzyme activities, antioxidant contents, and osmotic adjustment substances in O. sativa seedlings after low temperature stress and normal temperature recovery. Results showed that the content of H₂O₂ in the four varieties increased significantly after low temperature stress. The activities of the five enzymes in the antioxidant enzyme system increased to varying degrees; the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) increased significantly, whereas that of glutathione reductase (GR) did not. Glutathione (GSH) and ascorbic acid (AsA) were significantly increased in ‘Minghui 86’. The content of the osmotic adjustment substance proline was not significantly changed in ‘Qianhui 1385’ or ‘Nipponbare’, and the soluble sugar content was not significantly changed in ‘Minghui 86’. After 7 d of recovery, the above physiological indices of the four varieties were restored to pre-treatment levels to varying degrees. Results showed that antioxidant enzyme activity effectively reduced the level of ROS and alleviated the damage caused by cold stress to the cell membrane. During low temperature stress, the cells maintained high osmotic adjustment substances, increased intracellular water potential, and reduced damage caused by plant water loss. Therefore, the timely response of various cold-tolerant physiological substances in the cells and the synergistic and efficient operation of the antioxidant system are important physiological indicators for measuring the cold tolerance of O. sativa.
- Oryza sativa /
- Low temperature stress /
- Osmotic adjustment /
- Antioxidase

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