Biogenesis and regulation of oil bodies during early stage seed formation in Brassica napus
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摘要: 以甘蓝型油菜（Brassica napus L.）品种‘Westar’和‘Topas’为材料，通过超微结构观察和荧光定量PCR技术对油菜胚胎发育早期油体的发生、油体蛋白及脂肪酸合成转录因子基因的表达情况进行分析。结果显示：油体出现在油菜胚胎发育早期，在授粉9~11 d后（球形胚时期）的胚体和胚柄中均存在直径小于0.5 μm的油体；荧光定量实验结果表明，除BnCLO3的表达量在整个胚胎发育阶段无明显变化外，其他油体蛋白基因Oleosins、Steroleosins和BnCLO1的表达量在心形胚时期就明显增多并持续增长；脂肪酸合成转录因子BnLEC1、BnL1L、BnWRI1和BnFUS3在胚胎发育阶段，基因表达规律均呈先上升再下降的趋势，但达到最高值的时间存在差异，其中BnLEC1最早，BnL1L其次，BnWRI1和BnFUS3较晚。研究结果表明甘蓝型油菜在球形胚时期出现油体，其结构蛋白和转录调控因子基因的表达自心形胚开始明显增多。Abstract: Rapeseed is one of the most important oil crops in China. Most oil in rapeseed is stored in the oil bodies. In this paper, the biogenesis of oil bodies and gene expression level variations in oil body proteins and fatty acid synthesis transcription factors were investigated during embryogenesis in two Brassica napus L. cultivars (‘Westar’ and ‘Topas’) via ultrastructural observation and real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR. Results showed that oil bodies existed in early embryos of B. napus, even in the embryo proper and suspensor, 9-11 d after pollination (globular embryo stage). The gene expression level of all oil body proteins (oleosins, steroleosins, and BnCLO1), except BnCLO3, increased at the heart embryo stage and continued to increase during the embryonic development stage. The gene expression levels of fatty acid synthesis transcription factors (BnLEC1, BnL1L, BnWRI1, and BnFUS3) increased at the early stages and decreased at the late stages, but their peak times were different. The gene expression level of BnLEC1 peaked first, followed by BnL1L, BnWRI1, and BnFUS3 last. Our results showed that oil bodies exist in early embryos of B. napus, even at the globular-embryo stage, and the gene expression level of their structural proteins and transcription factors increases from the heart-embryo stage.
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