Branching and flowering regularity of Michelia maudiae Dunn with systematic and evolutionary evidence
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摘要: 以10年生深山含笑（Michelia maudiae Dunn）为材料，研究其年生长发育节律、芽的种类、混合芽分化、分枝类型和成花规律。结果显示：（1）深山含笑芽可为分未分化芽和分化芽，其中分化芽包括营养芽、混合芽和花芽。（2）年生长周期依次划分为营养芽生长期、混合芽分化期、混合芽快速膨大期、混合芽/花芽发育滞缓期、开花启动期和开花期。（3）分枝类型为同生-预生分枝混合型；同生分枝的枝条当年形成混合芽，发育形成短枝并在枝顶成花，而预生分枝的枝条当年不分化形成混合芽。（4）不同分枝类型的枝条成花率具有显著性差异。同生分枝的枝条顶芽抽枝成花概率最高，预生分枝的枝条侧芽抽枝成花率最低。研究结果表明，深山含笑不同分化状态的芽发育形成不同的分枝类型，并且同生-预生分枝特征及成花规律具有观赏性状培育的参考价值与系统演化意义。Abstract: We investigated the annual growth and development rhythms, bud types, mixed bud differentiation, branching pattern, and flowering regularity of 10-year-old Michelia maudiae Dunn trees. Results showed that: (1) M. maudiae had undifferentiated and differentiated buds. The differentiated buds included vegetative, mixed, and flower buds. (2) The annual growth cycle was successively divided into vegetative bud growth, mixed bud differentiation, mixed bud rapid expansion, mixed bud/flower bud development retardation, flowering initiation, and flowering periods. (3) The branching pattern was mixed sylleptic and proleptic type. Sylleptic branches generated mixed buds that developed into annual axillary brachyblasts, where the flower initiated. Proleptic branches did not differentiate to form mixed buds in the same year. (4) The flower-bud formation probability of the different types of branches differed significantly. The terminal bud of the sylleptic branches had the highest flower-bud formation probability, while the axillary bud of the proleptic branches had the lowest. Thus, in M. maudiae, buds in different differentiation states developed into different types of branches. The sylleptic-proleptic branching characteristics and flower-forming laws have reference value and systematic evolutionary significance for the cultivation of ornamental traits.
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Keywords:
- Michelia maudiae /
- Bud /
- Branching traits /
- Flowering regularity /
- Systematic evolutionary evidence
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