中国9种石斛属植物的花药帽形态及其分类学意义初探

王艳萍; 李楚然; 罗艳; 李青青; 李璐; 王晓云

doi:10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2021.40367

中国9种石斛属植物的花药帽形态及其分类学意义初探

王艳萍^1,2,
李楚然¹,
罗艳³,
李青青²,
李璐^1, ,,
王晓云⁴

1. 西南林业大学生物多样性保护学院, 昆明 650224;
2. 西南林业大学生命科学学院, 昆明 650224;
3. 中国科学院西双版纳热带植物园园林园艺部, 云南勐腊 666303;
4. 云南丰春坊生物科技有限公司兰科植物种质资源中心, 云南富民 650400

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金项目（32060049）；国家中医药管理局全国第四次中药资源普查项目（GZY-KJS-2018-004）。

详细信息

作者简介:
王艳萍(1993-),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为兰科植物形态及分类(E-mail:Sonia13529316250@163.com)。

通讯作者:
李璐,E-mail:lilusaraca@foxmail.com

中图分类号: Q944.42
计量
- 文章访问数: 499
- HTML全文浏览量: 3
- PDF下载量: 389
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-01-31
- 修回日期: 2021-04-22
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-31
- 发布日期: 2021-08-27

Preliminary study on morphology and taxonomic significance of anther cap in nine Dendrobium species (Orchidaceae) from China

1. Department of Biodiversity Conservation, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
2. School of Life Science, Southwest Forestry University, Kunming 650224, China;
3. Department of Horticulture and Gardening, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China;
4. Orchid Conservation Center of Yunnan Fengchunfang Biotechnology Co., Ltd, Fumin, Yunnan 650400, China

Funds:

This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32060049) and Fourth National Survey on Chinese Material Medical Resources (GZY-KJS-2018-004).

摘要

摘要: 利用解剖镜和扫描电镜，对我国9种石斛属（Dendrobium）植物的花药帽形态和超微特征进行观察。结果显示，花药帽的颜色、形态、大小和外壁纹饰特征在种间差异明显。9种植物的花药帽按颜色可分为：黄药帽、白药帽、紫药帽；按极轴和赤道轴比值可分为：长球形和半球形。扫描电镜观察结果发现，花药帽外壁纹饰有4种类型：扁平-光滑、扁平-条纹、乳突-条纹和乳突-光滑。本研究初步探讨了9种石斛花药帽形态的分类学意义，支持以下观点：（1）石斛组是一个多系和并系；（2）球花石斛（D.thyrsiflorum Rchb.F.）和密花石斛（D.densiflorum Lindl.ex Wall）是一对近缘种；（3）杯鞘石斛（D.gratiosissimum Rchb.F.）和大苞鞘石斛（D.wardianum Warner）是一对近缘种，且与喇叭唇石斛（D.lituiflorum Lindl.）亲缘关系较近。
- 花药帽 /
- 石斛 /
- 兰科 /
- 形态学 /
- 分类学 /
- 超微特征
Abstract: Morphology and ultra-structure of anther cap in nine Dendrobium species from China were investigated using microscopy and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results showed that color, size, shape, and ultra-structure of anther cap varied from species to species. There were three kinds of anther caps:yellow, white, and purple, which were corresponding with those of sepals and petals in each species. Anther cap shapes could be classified into prolate-type and hemisphere-type based on the ratio of the polar to the equatorial axis. SEM revealed four types of ornamental decoration on the outer wall of anther cap, namely, flat-smooth, flat-striated, papillae-striated and papillae-smooth. Morphological and ultra-structural characteristics of anther cap were significantly different in the nine investigated species. Some relationships were supported by comparative anther morphology. (1) Sect. Dendrobium was both paraphyletic and polyphyletic. (2) D. thyrsiflorum Rchb., was closely related to D. densiflorum Lindl. ex Wall. (3) D. gratiosissimum Rchb. F and D. wardinaum Warner were part of the same sister group, which formed a main clade (G4,Pendulum group) with D. lituiflorum Lindl. in Sect. Dendrobium.
- Anther cap /
- Dendrobium /
- Orchidaceae /
- Morphology /
- Taxonomy /
- Ultra-structure

HTML全文

参考文献(39)

[1]	吉占和, 陈心启, 罗毅波, 朱光华. 中国植物志:第19卷[M]. 北京:科学出版社, 1999.
[2]	Zhu GH, Ji ZH, Wood JJ, Wood HP. Dendrobium[M]//Wu CY, Raven PH, Hong DY, eds. Flora of China. Beijing:Scientific Press;st.Louis:Missouri Botanical Garden Press, 2009.
[3]	Morris MW, Steen WL, Judd WS. Vegetative anatomy and systematics of subtribe Dendrobiinae (Orchidaceae)[J]. Bot J Linn Soc, 1996, 120(2):89-144.
[4]	Yukawa T, Uehara K. Vegetative diversification and radiation in subtribe Dendrobiinae (Orchidaceae):evidence from chloroplast DNA phylogeny and anatomical characters[J]. Plant Syst Evol, 1996, 201(1- 4):1-14.
[5]	Adams PB. Systematics of Dendrobiinae (Orchidaceae), with special reference to Australian taxa[J]. Bot J Linn Soc, 2011, 166(2):105-126.
[6]	Xiang XG, André S, Li DZ, Huang WC, Chung SW, et al. Molecular systematics of Dendrobium (Orchidaceae, Dendrobieae) from Mainland Asia based on plastid and nuclear sequences[J]. Mol Phylogenet Evol, 2013, 69(3):950-960.[FQ(+5mm。46,ZX,DY-W] [FQ)] [HT6]
[7]	金效华, 李剑武, 叶德平. 中国野生兰科植物原色图鉴[M]. 郑州:河南科学技术出版社, 2019.
[8]	陈心启, 刘仲建, 罗毅波, 金效华, 吉占和. 中国兰科植物鉴别手册[M]. 北京:中国林业出版社, 2009.
[9]	Valencia-Nieto B, Sosa V, Márquez-Guzmán J. Late stages of anther development and anther attributes in Microepidendrum differs from other genera of Epidendrum al-liance (Orchidaceae)[J]. Flora:Morphology, Distribution, Functional Ecology of Plants, 2016, 218:35-43.
[10]	Valencia-Nieto B, Sosa V, Márquez-Guzmán J. Anther development in tribe Epidendreae:orchids with contrasting pollination syndromes[J]. Peer J, 2018, 6:e4383.
[11]	Nunes ELP, Smidt EC, Stutzel T, Coan AI. Comparative floral micromorphology and anatomy of species of Bulbophyllum section Napelli (Orchidaceae), a Neotropical section widely distributed in forest habitats[J]. Bot J Linn Soc, 2015, 177(3):378-394.
[12]	吉占和. 兰科植物新分类群[J]. 植物研究, 1989, 9(2):21-31. Ji ZH. New taxa of Orchidaceae from China[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 1989, 9(2):21-31.
[13]	吉占和, 陈心启, 丁慎言. 中国海南兰科植物的增补与修订[J]. 植物分类学报, 1995, 33(6):576-591. Ji ZH, Chen XQ, Ding SY. Critical and additional notes on orchids of Hainan, China[J]. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica, 1995, 33(6):576-591.
[14]	吉占和, 陈心启. 云南西双版纳兰科植物[J]. 植物分类学报, 1995, 33(3):281-296. Ji ZH, Chen XQ. Miscellaneous notes on orchids in Xishuangbanna of Yunnan, China[J]. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica,1995, 33(3):281-296.
[15]	程式君, 唐振缁. 中国石斛属新发现[J]. 云南植物研究, 1984(3):280-284. Chen SJ, Tang ZZ. Dendrobiums New to China[J]. Acta Botanica Yunnanica, 1984(3):280-284.
[16]	孙绍棋, 徐利国. 中国石斛属一新种[J]. 植物研究, 1986, 6(2):113-116. Sun SQ, Xu LG. A new species of Dendrobium from China[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 1986, 6(2):113-116.
[17]	Zheng BQ, Zou LH, Wan X, Wang Y. Dendrobium jinghuanum, a new orchid species from Yunnan, China:evidence from both morphology and DNA[J]. Phytotaxa, 2020, 428(1):30-42.
[18]	唐振缁, 程式君. 中药"霍山石斛"原植物的研究[J]. 植物研究, 1984(3):141-146. Tang ZZ, Cheng SJ. A study on the raw plants for the Chinese traditional medicine "HuoShan shi-hu"[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 1984(3):141-146.
[19]	金效华, 黄璐琦. 中国石斛类药材的原植物名实考[J]. 中国中药杂志, 2015, 40(13):2475-2479. Jin XH, Huang LQ. Investigation of original materials of Chinese medicine "Shihu" and "Tiepishihu"[J]. Chin J Chin Mater Med, 2015, 40(13):2475-2479.
[20]	罗毅波, 贾建生, 王春玲. 中国兰科植物保育的现状和展望[J]. 生物多样性, 2003(1):70-77. Luo YB, Jia JS, Wang CL. A general review of the conservation status of Chinese orchids[J]. Biodiversity Sci, 2003(1):70-77.
[21]	宋亚琼, 刘芝龙, Willian S, 高江云. 西双版纳兰科植物集市贸易特点和保护启示[J]. 生物多样性, 2017, 25(5):531-539. Song YQ, Liu ZL, Willian S, Gao JY. Characteristics of the orchid trade at public markets and implications for conservation in Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China[J]. Biodiversity Sci, 2017, 25(5):531-539.
[22]	Chen SP, Ma L, Lan SR, Li MH. Morphological and molecular evidence for a new species from China:Dendro-bium zhenghuoense (Epidendroideae; Orchidaceae)[J]. Phytotaxa, 2016, 275(3):277-286.
[23]	Liu Q, Zhou SS, Jin XH, Pan B, Maung KW, et al. Dendrobiun naungmungense (Orchidaceae, Dendrobieae), a new species from Kachin State, Myanmar[J]. Phyto Keys, 2018, 94(94):31-38.
[24]	徐晴. 石斛属的系统发育和铁皮石斛NBS基因的分析[D]. 北京:中国科学院大学, 2015.
[25]	Chaudhary B, Chattopadhyay P, Verma N, Banerjee N. Understanding the phylomorphological implications of pollinia from Dendrobium(Orchidaceae)[J]. Am J Plant Sci, 2012, 3(6):816-828.
[26]	王艳萍, 李璐, 杨晨璇, 罗艳, 李青青. 14种石斛属(兰科)植物的花粉团形态及分类学意义[J]. 植物研究, 2021, 41(1):12-25. Wang YP, Li L, Yang CX, Luo Y, Li QQ. Pollinia morpho-logy of 14 species in Dendrobium(Orchidaceae) and taxonomic significance[J]. Bulletin of Botanical Research, 2021, 41(1):12-25.
[27]	翁瑞旋, 李玉鹏, 陈丽君, 黄荣, 陶永生, 等. 云南束花石斛的化学成分[J]. 昆明医科大学学报, 2017, 38(2):6-9. Weng RX, Li YP, Chen LJ, Huang R, Tao YS, et al. Chemical constituents from the herbs of Dendrobium Chrysanthum[J]. Journal of Kunming Medical University, 2017, 38(2):6-9.
[28]	刘佳妮, 王珊珊, 戴小枫. 鼓槌石斛和流苏石斛化学成分及药理活性的研究进展[J].中国食物与营养, 2020, 26(10):42-49. Liu JN, Wang SS, Dai XF. Current research status of chemical constituents and pharmacological activity of Dendrobium chrysotoxum and Dendrobium fimbriatum[J]. Food and Nutrition in China, 2020, 26(10):42-49.
[29]	字肖萌, 高江云. 不同真菌对2种药用石斛种子共生萌发的效应[J]. 中国中药杂志, 2014, 39(17):3238-3244. Zi XM, Gao JY. Effects of different fungi on symbiotic seed germination of two Dendrobium species[J]. Chin J Chin Mater Med, 2014, 39(17):3238-3244.
[30]	黄晖, 邵士成, 高江云. 不同内生真菌对齿瓣石斛幼苗生长的效应[J]. 中国中药杂志, 2016, 41(11):2019-2024. Huang H, Shao SC, Gao JY. Effects of different endophytic fungi on seedling growth of Dendrobium devonianum[J]. Chin J Chin Mater Med, 2016, 41(11):2019-2024.
[31]	罗吉凤, 程治英, 龙春林. 铁皮石斛快速繁殖和离体种质保存的研究[J]. 广西植物, 2006(1):69-73. Luo JF, Cheng ZY, Long CL. Studies on the rapid propagation and in vitro storage of Dendrobium candidum[J]. Guihaia, 2006(1):69-73.
[32]	俞涵曦, 王晶晶, 林蔚, 丁金涛, 王雪妮, 等. 串珠石斛组培快繁技术[J]. 亚热带农业研究, 2020, 16(1):24-28. Yu HX, Wang JJ, Lin W, Ding JT, Wang XN, et al. Rapid propagation system for tissue culture of Dendrobium falconeri Hook.[J]. Subtropical Agriculture Research, 2020, 16(1):24-28.
[33]	Wang YP, Ai J, Luo Y, Li QQ, Li L. The complete chloroplast genome of Dendrobium wattii (Orchidaceae)[J]. Mitochondrial DNA Part B, 2020, 5(2):1325-1326.
[34]	Zhang J, Li CR, Luo Y, Li QQ, Li L. The complete chloroplast genome sequence of Dendrobium chrysocrepis (Orchidaceae)[J]. Mitochondrial DNA Part B, 2020, 5(2):1882-1883.
[35]	Tan QQ, Zhao Y, Luo Y, Li QQ, Li L. The complete chloroplast genome of Dendrobium pseudotenellum (Orchidaceae)[J]. Mitochondrial DNA Part B, 2020, 5(2):1880-1881.
[36]	朱斌, 甘晨晨, 王洪程. 球花石斛(Dendrobium thyrsiflorum)叶绿体基因组特征及亲缘关系解析[J]. 生物技术通报, 2021, 37(8):13-22. Zhu B, Gan CC, Wang HC. Characteristics of the complete chloroplast genome of Dendrobium thyrsiflorum and its phylogenetic relationship analysis[J]. Biotechnology Bulletin, 2021, 37(8):13-22.
[37]	韦仲新. 种子植物花粉电镜图志[M]. 昆明:云南科技出版社, 2003.
[38]	Clements MA. Molecular phylogenetic systematics in Dendrobieae(Orchidaceae)[J]. Aliso, 2006, 22(1):465-480.
[39]	Hobbhahn N, Johnson SD, Bytebier B, Yeung EC, Harder LD. The evolution of floral nectaries in Disa (Orchidaceae:Disinae):recapitulation or diversifying innovation?[J]. Ann Bot, 2013, 112(7):1303-1319.

施引文献(8)

期刊类型引用(5)

1.	胡梦露，李宗艳，任书娴，杨建伟，伍倩，冯尧，叶松菩. 云南26种石斛种质资源的形态分类与亲缘关系. 江苏农业科学. 2025(01): 191-200 . 百度学术
2.	陶凯锋，朱永，王乐骋，张颖铎，李璐. 两种玉凤花属植物的花结构和合蕊柱超微特征及其分类学意义. 广西植物. 2024(01): 89-101 . 百度学术
3.	贺漫媚，代色平，陈秀萍，吴俭峰，刘国锋，阮琳，王伟. 17种石斛属植物表型性状多样性分析. 植物资源与环境学报. 2024(02): 71-79+90 . 百度学术
4.	涂国章，张显强. DNA条形码技术在石斛分类鉴定中的应用进展. 食品安全质量检测学报. 2023(02): 154-160 . 百度学术
5.	尚明越，王嘉乐，周莹，张满常，刘颖琳，段宝忠. 濒危紫皮石斛叶绿体基因组结构及系统发育分析. 中草药. 2023(19): 6424-6433 . 百度学术