Abstract: To elucidate the characteristics of heavy metal migration and enrichment within the soil-plant system of riparian zones, we analyzed the concentrations of Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb, and Zn in the roots, stems, leaves, and rhizosphere soil of 20 plants along the Fuzhou section of the Minjiang River. Soil heavy metal pollution levels and plant accumulation capacities were evaluated, alongside comparisons of heavy metal accumulation and translocation among plant organs. Results indicated that: (1) Pb levels in the riparian soil of the Fuzhou section were lower than background values, while Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, and Zn levels exceeded background values by 1.05 to 1.5 times, with Cd being the primary hazardous element; (2) Plants exhibited pronounced capabilities for Cd and Cu accumulation, but showed minimal accumulation of Pb; (3) Roots and leaves showed greater capacities for heavy metal accumulation than stems, with leaves also demonstrating a higher translocation ability for heavy metals than stems; (4) Among the 20 plant species studied, Bidens pilosa L., Ageratina adenophora R. M. King & H. Robinson, and Solanum nigrum L. demonstrated the highest heavy metal accumulation capacities, with comprehensive bio-concentration indices of 0.686, 0.662, and 0.470, respectively. Xanthium strumarium L. exhibited a strong tendency for heavy metal avoidance in soil.