Advances in Apomixis and Polyembryony Research in Citrus Plants
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摘要: 植物无融合生殖是指植物的胚珠组织不经历正常的减数分裂和受精作用，而直接进行胚发育形成种子的无性生殖方式。无融合生殖植物完全继承了母体的全部基因型，因而具有独特研究与育种意义。芸香科柑橘属植物具有独特的多胚现象，其珠心组织能够发育成不定胚（称为珠心胚）进行无融合生殖。文中介绍了柑橘类植物的珠心胚生殖现象、细胞学和遗传学研究进展。珠心胚现象虽然对柑橘杂交后代获得有较大影响，但在生产上可产生性状整齐一致的后代，可以培育无病毒苗木。Abstract: In apomixis asexual reproduction,the ovule generates embryogenesis without meiosis or fertilization,leading to embryo development and seed formation.Apomicts inherit the mothers genotype entirely,and therefore have unique significance in research and breeding.Polyembryony,in which nucellar embryos develop from nucellar tissue to undergo apomixis,is a unique phenomenon of Citrus and other genera of Rutaceae.This review focused on the phenomenon of adventitious embryony in Citrus and recent progress in histocytology and genetics.Nucellar embryony hinders the formation of hybrid offspring in Citrus,but it can produce offspring with good unity and can also be used for generating virus-free seedlings.
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Keywords:
- Adventitious embryony /
- Nucellar embryo /
- Sporophytic apomixis /
- Citrus
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