湖北省栲类林群落学特征研究

周阳; 乔秀娟; 黄汉东; 江明喜

doi:10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2020.60773

湖北省栲类林群落学特征研究

周阳^1,2,3,
乔秀娟^4,5, ,,
黄汉东^4,5,
江明喜^4,5

1. 西藏大学青藏高原生态与环境研究中心, 拉萨 850000;
2. 西藏大学理学院, 拉萨 850000;
3. 中国科学院大学, 北京 100049;
4. 中国科学院武汉植物园, 中国科学院水生植物与流域生态重点实验室, 武汉 430074;
5. 中国科学院核心植物园保护生物学中心, 武汉 430074

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划项目（2016YFC0503105）；国家科技基础性工作专项（2015FY210200）；国家自然科学基金项目（31670441）。

详细信息

作者简介:
周阳(1986-),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为植被生态学(E-mail:zhouyang2012126@126.com)。

通讯作者:
乔秀娟,E-mail:xjqiao@wbgcas.cn

中图分类号: Q948.15
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-05-08
- 修回日期: 2020-05-17
- 网络出版日期: 2022-10-31
- 发布日期: 2020-12-27

Study on community characteristics of Castanopsis forests in Hubei Province

1. Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China;
2. College of Science, Tibet University, Lhasa 850000, China;
3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;
4. Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China;
5. Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China

Funds:

This work was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFC0503105), Basic Foundation of the Ministry of Science and Technology (2015FY210200), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (31670441).

摘要

摘要: 通过设置样方，在全面调查湖北省内各栲类林的基础上，对湖北省栲类林的物种组成、区系成分、群落结构及类型，以及影响群落结构的环境因子进行研究。结果显示：（1）在所调查的湖北省栲类林中共记录维管植物88科210属376种，其中乔木层中常绿树种有73种、落叶树种有48种，构成了以常绿树种为主的典型常绿阔叶林；（2）从科的区系组成来看，热带成分多于温带成分；从属的区系组成来看，热带成分与温带成分大体相当；（3）湖北栲类林生物多样性有显著的经度和海拔格局，但受纬度影响不大。土壤因子中仅氮含量对物种多样性格局影响显著；（4）湖北省栲类林可分为5个群系，即：苦槠（Castanopsis sclerophylla（Lindl.）Schott）林、钩栲（Castanopsis tibetana Hance）林、栲（Castanopsis fargesii Franch）林、甜槠（Castanopsis eyrei（Champ.）Tutch.）林和罗浮栲（Castanopsis faberi Hance）林。在各环境因子中，海拔、经度、坡度和土壤磷含量对群落组成的影响最大，地理因子和土壤因子对栲类林群落组成影响的总解释率为68.94%；（5）在5个群系中大部分乔木及栲属植物的径级分布呈单峰形，种-多度分布表现为典型的具有少数常见种、多个偶见种的倒“J”形曲线。研究表明湖北省栲类林物种多样性高，生物多样性丰富，植物区系热带成分明显，主要包含5个群系，地理因子和土壤因子可以解释大部分的群落物种组成变异。该研究可为湖北省常绿阔叶林保护和管理提供理论依据和数据支持。
- 常绿阔叶林 /
- 群落分类 /
- 苦槠 /
- 钩栲 /
- 栲 /
- 甜槠 /
- 罗浮栲 /
- 群系
Abstract: In this study, we analyzed the species composition, floristic composition, community structure, and classification of Castanopsis forests in Hubei Province, China, based on a comprehensive survey. Results showed that: (1) There were 376 species of vascular plant in 210 genera and 88 families, including 73 species of evergreen and 48 species of deciduous trees. Thus, Castanopsis forests were typical evergreen broad-leaved forests dominated by evergreen tree species. (2) There were more tropical components than temperate components. In terms of the floristic composition of the genera, tropical composition was roughly equivalent to that of temperate composition. (3) There were significant longitudinal and altitudinal gradients in biodiversity, but no significant latitudinal patterns. Soil had very limited impact on biodiversity patterns. (4) Castanopsis forests in Hubei could be classified into five main alliance types: Castanopsis tibetana Hance Forest Alliance, Castanopsis sclerophylla (Lindl.) Schott Forest Alliance, Castanopsis fargesii Franch Forest Alliance, Castanopsis faberi Hance Forest Alliance and Castanopsis eyrei (Champ.) Tutch. Forest Alliance. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that among the environmental factors, altitude, longitude, slope, and soil total phosphorus had the greatest influence on species composition. Variance decomposition analysis indicated that the topographical and soil parameters had significant influence on species composition of Castanopsis forests, with an interpretation rate of 68.94%. (5) The diameter at breast height distribution of trees in all Castanopsis alliances showed a single peak to the left. The species-abundance distributions were typical inverted “J” curves, with a few common species and many rare species. In all, our results showed that species diversity in Castanopsis forests in Hubei was rich, with a high tropical composition, and the forest could be classified into five alliances. This study provides theoretical and data support for the protection and management of evergreen broad-leaved forests in Hubei.
- Evergreen broad-leaved forest /
- Community classification /
- Castanopsis sclerophylla /
- Castanopsis tibetana /
- Castanopsis fargesii /
- Castanopsis eyrei /
- Castanopsis faberi /
- Alliance

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