中国藓类新记录种−马氏真藓

刘永英; 柴晓亮; 廖雨佳; 宋晓彤; 邵小明

doi:10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.22155

中国藓类新记录种−马氏真藓

刘永英^1,,
柴晓亮¹,
廖雨佳²,
宋晓彤²,
邵小明^{2, 3, ,}

1.
焦作师范高等专科学校生物系，河南焦作 454001
2.
中国农业大学资源与环境学院，北京 100193
3.
西藏农牧学院资源与环境学院，西藏林芝 860000

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(32060050，41771054 )；河南省高等学校重点科研项目（21B180008）；焦作师范高等专科学校高层次科研培育项目（GPY2020-02）；西藏农牧学院柔性人才项目（604419044）

详细信息

作者简介:
刘永英（1969−），女，博士，教授，研究方向为苔藓植物学（E-mail：jzbotany@163.com）

通讯作者:
邵小明: E-mail：shaoxm@cau.edu.cn

中图分类号: Q949.35
计量
- 文章访问数: 282
- HTML全文浏览量: 79
- PDF下载量: 46
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-08-19
- 修回日期: 2022-10-29
- 网络出版日期: 2023-05-05
- 刊出日期: 2023-04-29

Bryum marratii Hook. & Wilson (Bryaceae, Musci) reported new to China

1.
Department of Biology, Jiaozuo Normal College, Jiaozuo, Henan 454001, China
2.
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
3.
College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University, Nyingchi, Tibet 860000, China

Funds: This work was supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32060050, 41771054), Key Research Project for Colleges and Universities of Henan Province (21B180008), Prospective Research Project of Jiaozuo Normal College (GPY2020-02), and Flexible Talents Project of Tibet Agricultural and Animal Husbandry University (604419044)

摘要

摘要:
本文首次报道了马氏真藓（Bryum marratii Hook. & Wilson）在中国的分布。该种的主要识别特征为：植株鲜绿色；叶卵形至卵状椭圆形，强烈内凹、钝尖，边缘平直、不分化，中肋不及顶；孢蒴梨形，蒴盖具短喙。马氏真藓在中国主要分布于西藏阿里地区西南部高海拔地区，偶见于日喀则，多生长于高寒水体或季节性水体堤岸土壤。与世界其他地区同种物种相比，该新分布种植株矮、蒴柄短，叶和叶细胞较小；文中还比较了该新分布种与相似物种的主要形态识别特征。由于马氏真藓居群数量少，且破碎化分布，建议将该种列为中国受保护物种。
- 真藓属 /
- 西藏 /
- 中国
Abstract:
Bryum marratii Hook. & Wilson is reported new to China. The species is distinguished by the following characters: plants bright green, leaves strongly concave, apex obtuse, margins plane, border lacking, costae ending well below apex; pyriform capsule with rostellate lid. In China, the newly recorded species is mainly distributed in the southwestern Ngari region, occasionally in Shigatse of Tibet, mostly in soil banks of alpine or seasonal water bodies. The B. marratii populations in China differ from those in other areas by smaller plant size, shorter setae, and smaller leaves and leaf cells. The principal distinctive characters that separate B. marratii from similar species within the genus Bryum are discussed. Given the small population size and habitat fragmentation, B. marratii should be classified as a threatened species in China.
- Bryum /
- Tibet /
- China

HTML全文

图 1 马氏真藓显微形态结构图

A：可育株；B：孢蒴；C：营养株；D ~ I：叶；J：雌器苞；K：雌苞叶；L：雄器苞；M：雄苞叶。（凭证标本：邵小明&宋晓彤2019P150Y001）。

Figure 1. Morphological characters of Bryum marratii

A: Fertile plant; B: Capsule; C: Sterile plant; D – I: Leaves; J: Perichaetium; K: Perichaetial leaf; L: Perigonium; M: Perigonial leaf. (Voucher specimen: Shao Xiao-Ming & Song Xiao-Tong 2019P150Y001).

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 马氏真藓显微形态结构图

A：叶上部细胞；B：叶中部细胞；C：叶基部细胞；D: 假根；E：茎横切。（凭证标本：邵小明&宋晓彤2019P150Y001）。

Figure 2. Morphological characters of Bryum marratii

A: Upper leaf cells; B: Medial leaf cells; C: Basal leaf cells D: Rhizoid; E: Transverse section of stem. (Voucher specimen: Shao Xiao-Ming & Song Xiao-Tong 2019P150Y001).

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 马氏真藓超微形态结构图

A：孢蒴；B：蒴口外侧；C：蒴口内侧；D：孢子。（凭证标本：邵小明&宋晓彤2019P150Y001）。

Figure 3. Scanning electron micrographs of Bryum marratii

A: Capsule; B: Peristome outer surface; C: Peristome inner surface; D: Spore. (Voucher specimen: Shao Xiao-Ming & Song Xiao-Tong 2019P150Y001).

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 马氏真藓与相似种的比较

Table 1 Comparison between Bryum marratii and similar species

物种 Species	植株颜色 Plant color	叶形 Leaf shape	叶面平展/ 内凹 Leaf flat or concave	叶尖 Leaf apex	叶缘平直/ 背卷 Margin plane or revolute	分化边 Leaf border	叶中上部细胞形状 Upper and median leaf cell shape	中肋 Costa	性别 Sexuality	孢蒴 Capsule	芽胞 Filiform gemmae
马氏真藓 Bryum marratii	鲜绿色	卵形至卵状椭圆形	强烈内凹	钝尖，少数叶有短急尖	平直	无	长菱形、六边形，长宽比 < 3∶1	消失于叶尖下	雌雄同株	梨形，蒴盖有短喙	无
卵叶叶真藓 Bryum calophyllum	浅橄榄绿色、棕黄色或微红色	卵形或卵圆形	−	−	下部背卷	明显	−	达叶尖	−	长卵状，蒴盖圆锥形	−
圆叶真藓 Bryum cyclophyllum	浅绿色或黄绿色	卵圆形或圆形	平坦或微凹	圆钝	平直或基部稍背卷	不明显	−	−	雌雄异株	圆柱形，蒴盖有短喙	偶见
喀什真藓 Bryum kashmirense	绿色或黄绿色	长圆状卵形	−	渐尖	−	−	狭长菱形，长 : 宽 ≈ 5∶1	贯顶至短出	雌雄异株	梨形，蒴盖圆锥形	−
注：−表示该项特征与马氏真藓相同。
Note: − indicates character is the same as that of Bryum Marratii.

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(30)

[1]	Frey W, Stech M. Bryophytes and seedless vascular plants. 3: Ⅰ-Ⅸ [M] // Frey W, Stech M, Fischer E, eds. Syllabus of Plant Families—Adolf Engler’s Syllabus der Pflanzenfamilies. 13th ed. Berlin: Gebruder Borntraeger Verlagsbuchhandlung, 2009: 1−263.
[2]	黎兴江. 中国苔藓志（第4卷）[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2006: 1−111.
[3]	Zhang DC, Li XJ, He S. Bryaceae [M] // Li XJ, Crosby MR, He S, eds. Moss Flora of China. English Version. Vol. 4. Beijing: Science Press; St. Louis: Missouri Botanical Garden Press, 2007: 3−92.
[4]	贾渝, 何思. 中国生物物种名录: 第1卷: 植物, 苔藓植物[M]. 北京: 科学出版社, 2013: 127-133.
[5]	赵建成, 刘永英. 中国广义真藓科植物分类学研究[M]. 石家庄: 河北科学技术出版社, 2021: 94−240.
[6]	Liu YY,Zhao JC,Niu YL,Wang XR. Taxonomic summary of bryaceae (Bryophyta) in China[J]. Chenia,2020,14:45−57.
[7]	Liu YY,Quan YP,Wu YH. A new moss species from northwestern China:Bryum glacierum (Bryaceae)[J]. Phytotaxa,2021,510 (2):148−154.
[8]	白学良. 贺兰山苔藓植物彩图志[M]. 银川: 阳光出版社, 2014: 292−312.
[9]	左倩孺,徐杰. 内蒙古藓类植物真藓属2个种——齿缘真藓、幽美真藓[J]. 内蒙古大学学报(自然科学版),2021,52(5):496−500. Zuo QR,Xu J. New record moss species of Bryum (Bryaceae) in Inner Mongolia,China:Bryum rubens Mitt. and B. elegans Nees ex Brid[J]. Journal of Inner Mongolia University (Natural Science Edition),2021,52 (5):496−500.
[10]	Wilson W. Bryologia Britannica[M]. London: Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, 1855: 480.
[11]	Crum HA, Anderson LE. Mosses of Eastern North America[M]. New York: Columbia University Press, 1981: 540−542.
[12]	Smith AJE. The Moss Flora of Britain and Ireland[M]. 2nd ed. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2004: 538.
[13]	Holyoak DT. European Bryaceae[M]. Newbury: Pisces Publications, 2021: 173−176.
[14]	Kekes JY. Second US. occurrence of Bryum marratii found in Washington's San Juan Islands[J]. Evansia,2009,26 (2):38−39. doi: 10.1639/0747-9859-26.2.38
[15]	Spence JR. Bryaceae [M] // Flora North America Editorial Committee, ed. Flora of North America: Vol. 28. Bryophyta: Mosses, part 2. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014: 117−185.
[16]	Šoltés R,Nižňanská M,Chromý P. The halophyte moss species Bryum marratii Wilson in Slovakia[J]. Thaiszia Journal of Botany,2010,20:105−108.
[17]	Li YH,Luo TX,Lu Q. Plant height as a simple predictor of the root to shoot ratio:evidence from alpine grasslands on the Tibetan Plateau[J]. J Veg Sci,2008,19 (2):245−252. doi: 10.3170/2007-8-18365
[18]	Read QD,Moorhead LC,Swenson NG,Bailey JK,Sanders NJ. Convergent effects of elevation on functional leaf traits within and among species[J]. Funct Ecol,2014,28 (1):37−45. doi: 10.1111/1365-2435.12162
[19]	Wang LL,Zhao L,Song XT,Wang QG,Kou J,et al. Morphological traits of Bryum argenteum and its response to environmental variation in arid and semi-arid areas of Tibet[J]. Ecol Eng,2019,136:101−107. doi: 10.1016/j.ecoleng.2019.06.013
[20]	Shaw AJ. The impact of molecular data on our understanding of the bryophyte flora of North America [M] // Flora of North America Editorial Committee, ed. Flora of North America: Vol. 28. Bryophyta: Mosses, Part 2. New York: Oxford University Press, 2014: 3−13.
[21]	Blockeel TL,Bell NE,Hill MO,Hodgetts NG,Long DG,et al. A new checklist of the bryophytes of Britain and Ireland,2020[J]. J Bryol,2021,43 (1):1−51. doi: 10.1080/03736687.2020.1860866
[22]	Callaghan DA,Farr G. The unusual inter-tidal niche of the rare moss Bryum marratii Wilson[J]. J Bryol,2018,40 (4):317−376.
[23]	Callaghan DA,Farr G. On the relationship between the rare moss Bryum marratii Wilson and a dune aquifer[J]. J Bryol,2019,41 (1):59−62. doi: 10.1080/03736687.2018.1551591
[24]	Lockhart N, Hodgetts N, Holyoak DT. Rare and Threatened Bryophytes of Ireland[M]. Cultra: National Museums Northern Ireland, 2012: 470−471.
[25]	Hodgetts NG. A revised red-list of bryophytes in Britain[J]. Field Bryol,2011,103:40−49.
[26]	Mišíková K,Godovičová K,Širka P,Šoltés R. Checklist and red list of mosses (Bryophyta) of Slovakia[J]. Biologia,2019,75 (1):21−37.
[27]	Hodgetts N, Cálix M, Englefield E, Fettes N, Criado MG, et al. A Miniature World in Decline European Red List of Mosses, Liverworts and Hornworts[M]. Brussels: IUCN, 2019: 50.
[28]	Andrews AL. Bryum marratii [M] // Grout AJ, ed. Moss Flora of North America North of Mexico. Vol. Ⅱ. Pt. 4. Vermont: Newfane, 1940: 215−216.
[29]	Zolotov VI. On systematics and distribution of some species of Bryum (Bryaceae,Bryophyta) in Russia[J]. Arctoa,2006,15:155−162. doi: 10.15298/arctoa.15.03
[30]	Ignatov MS,Afonina OM,Ignatov EA,Abolina A,Akatova TV,et al. Check-list of mosses of east Europe and north Asia[J]. Arctoa,2006,15:1−130. doi: 10.15298/arctoa.15.01