Abstract: Dendrobium luoi L.J.Chen & W.H.Rao, from Xinning County of Hunan Province, China, is described and illustrated as a new species of Orchidaceae.The new species is similar to its ally D.hekouense, but can be distinguished by its pedicel and ovary 2-2.5 cm long; flower yellowish; sepal apex red-brown; dorsal sepals narrowly elliptic; lip obovate-spatulate, unlobed with purple-brown spots; lip disc with three longitudinal lamellae extending from its base to the apex, and lamellae inflated at the middle with papilla-hairy.