Population distribution patterns and interspecific spatial associations of Acanthopanax senticosus populations in Lingkong Mountain, Shanxi Province, China
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摘要: 以山西灵空山自然保护区刺五加（Acanthopanax senticosus （Rupr. Maxim.）Harms）种群为对象，采用空间点格局方法中的Ripley's K函数，对刺五加种群不同龄级的空间分布格局及其与主要灌木物种间的空间关联性进行研究，并对种群空间分布格局进行可视化解析。结果显示，刺五加种群中幼年个体数量多，径级结构呈金字塔型，为增长型种群，能够实现持续更新；刺五加种群的径级Ⅰ在小尺度上呈聚集分布，随着尺度增大出现随机分布；径级Ⅱ、Ⅲ、Ⅳ在全尺度上呈聚集分布，径级Ⅴ、Ⅵ在小尺度上为聚集分布，随着龄级和空间尺度的增大，刺五加种群聚集强度渐弱，呈现随机分布；刺五加种内关联在全尺度上呈正相关，但与群落中主要灌木在小尺度上呈不相关或负相关，在大尺度上呈负相关。研究表明刺五加的生长条件较为适宜，并可以通过相互之间的庇护作用，减弱种内竞争，但与其他树种间存在强烈竞争，生存现状较差，在群落中处于劣势。Abstract: Acanthopanax senticosus (Rupr. Maxim.) Harms from the nature sanctuary of Lingkong Mountain, Shanxi Province, was studied. Based on field investigation, the spatial distribution patterns of different age classes of A. senticosus populations were obtained by Ripley's K function using spatial point pattern analysis. The spatial relationship between the main shrub species was also studied and the spatial distribution patterns of the populations were visualized. Results showed that the number of young individuals in the Acanthopanax populations was large, and the diameter-scale structure was pyramid-like. Furthermore, the population was growing and could achieve continuous updates. The Ⅰ individuals of the A. senticosus population significantly aggregated at the small scale, and clump intensity gradually weakened with increasing age and spatial scale, finally showing a random distribution. The Ⅱ, Ⅲ, and Ⅳ individuals from the A. senticosus populations significantly aggregated at the full scale and the Ⅴ and Ⅵ individuals significantly aggregated at the small scale, with clump intensity gradually weakening with increasing age and spatial scale, finally showing a random distribution. Although A. senticosus was positively correlated with internal scale, it was not correlated with or negatively correlated with the main shrubs in the community at the small scale, but was negatively correlated at the macro scale. Studies have shown A. senticosus growth conditions are appropriate and can weaken intraspecific competition through mutual shelter effects. Nevertheless, there is strong competition with other species, with poor survival status, which is a disadvantage in the community.
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