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赵云, 郑蓓蓓, 张若西, 孙娟利, 韩月彭. 果实花色苷转运机制研究进展[J]. 植物科学学报. doi: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.23145
引用本文: 赵云, 郑蓓蓓, 张若西, 孙娟利, 韩月彭. 果实花色苷转运机制研究进展[J]. 植物科学学报. doi: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.23145
Yun ZHAO, BeiBei ZHENG, RuoXi ZHANG, JuanLi SUN, YuePeng HAN. Advances in mechanisms of anthocyanin transport in fruit[J]. Plant Science Journal. doi: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.23145
Citation: Yun ZHAO, BeiBei ZHENG, RuoXi ZHANG, JuanLi SUN, YuePeng HAN. Advances in mechanisms of anthocyanin transport in fruit[J]. Plant Science Journal. doi: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.23145

果实花色苷转运机制研究进展

Advances in mechanisms of anthocyanin transport in fruit

  • 摘要:   
      花色苷为普遍存在于自然界中的一类天然水溶性色素,是决定果实外观和营养品质性状的重要因素。花色苷由位于内质网膜上的一系列酶合成,合成后转运至液泡内储存。花色苷合成途径及其转录调控机制方面的研究受到了广泛关注,关键结构基因和转录因子已在多种果树中被鉴定与验证,然而关于花色苷合成后如何实现跨膜转运至中央液泡的过程及其分子机制尚不清晰。本文回顾了花色苷转运已有研究进展,针对谷胱甘肽S-转移酶,膜转运蛋白及囊泡运输介导的三类主要花色苷转运模型进行了概述。尽管目前已提出了不同的花色苷转运模型,但关于花色苷向液泡内动态转运、汇集方面的研究还存在许多疑问,进一步解析果实花色苷转运和沉积的分子机制和调控网络有助于丰富对花色苷从合成到积累完整代谢通路的理论认知,可为果实色泽品质性状改良提供分子工具。

     

    Abstract:   
      Anthocyanin, a kind of natural water-soluble pigment, determines fruit quality traits such as appearance and nutrition. Anthocyanin is synthesized by a series of enzymes located on the endoplasmic reticulum and subsequently transported to vacuole for storage. A considerable amount of information has been gathered on anthocyanin biosynthetic pathway and transcriptional regulation over the past decades. The key structural and regulatory genes participating in the pathway have been characterized in a variety of fruit species. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying transmembrane transport of anthocyanin after synthesis remain unclear. Here, we review current progress for anthocyanin transport, discuss three main transport models involving glutathione S-transferase, membrane transporters and vesicle trafficking. Despite the numerous proposed hypotheses, questions about the dynamic transport and aggregation of anthocyanin into vacuole still persist. Understanding the molecular mechanisms and regulatory networks of anthocyanin transport will not only contribute to expand our knowledge of anthocyanin metabolic pathway, but also provide the theoretical basis and molecular tools highly useful for improvement of fruit quality traits in breeding programs.
      

     

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