楤木属<em>FAD2</em>基因家族的鉴定及生物信息学分析

燕敬利; 王孟豪; 刘艳艳; 杨莹; 王旭飞; 曹亚男

doi:10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.23282

楤木属FAD2基因家族的鉴定及生物信息学分析

河南农业大学植物保护学院，郑州 450002

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金项目（31800179）。

详细信息

作者简介:
燕敬利（1988−），女，博士，讲师，研究方向为植物逆境分子生物学、油菜抗病以及叶片衰老等（E-mail：yanjingli@henau.edu.cn）

通讯作者:
曹亚男: E-mail：caoyn47@163.com

中图分类号: Q943.2
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- 文章访问数: 164
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2023-10-05
- 录用日期: 2023-11-25
- 刊出日期: 2024-08-29

Identification and bioinformatics analysis of the FAD2 gene family in Aralia species

College of Plant Protection, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China

摘要

摘要:
聚炔类化合物（PAs）是一类主要由桔梗类植物产生、具生物活性的植物特异性防御物质。其上游合成步骤由脂肪酸去饱和酶2（FAD2）催化。本文以PA的主要来源植物之一，桔梗类的五加科楤木属（Aralia）为研究对象，对楤木（A. elata(Miq.) Seem.）和龙眼独活（A. fargesiiFranch.）的FAD2基因家族进行鉴定，并对其保守基序、结构域、染色体分布、基因共线性、进化关系、分子演化速率以及表达情况进行分析。结果显示，楤木属的FAD2基因家族经历了广泛扩张，这可能是通过全基因组加倍/片段重复实现的；不同功能的FAD2保守基序完全一致，但楤木属不同生活型（草本vs.木本）代表物种FAD2的保守基序却产生了分化；楤木中可能有4个不同功能的FAD2基因，其在不同组织中的表达情况不同。本研究可为后续楤木属的物种鉴定、聚炔类物质合成新基因的挖掘以及桔梗类植物具高度多样化PAs分子机制的揭示提供参考。
- 聚炔类化合物 /
- 脂肪酸去饱和酶2 /
- 楤木属 /
- 分子演化速率 /
- 功能基因
Abstract:
Polyacetylenes (PAs) are a class of bioactive plant-specific defense compounds primarily produced by campanulid plants. Early PA biosynthesis is catalyzed by fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2). In this study, we identified theFAD2gene family inAralia elata(Miq.) Seem. andA. fargesiiFranch., members of the Araliaceae family, a major source of PA, and analyzed their conserved motifs, domains, chromosome distribution, gene collinearity, evolutionary relationships, molecular evolution rates, and expression patterns. Results indicated that theFAD2gene family inAraliahas undergone extensive expansion, likely through whole-genome duplication (WGD) or segmental duplication. The conserved motifs of FAD2, despite their different functions, were consistent, but diverged in representativeAraliaspecies with different life forms (herbaceous vs. woody). Furthermore,A. elatapossessed four different functionalFAD2genes, expressed differently in different tissues. This study holds important theoretical significance for the identification ofAraliaspecies, the discovery of new genes for PA synthesis, and the elucidation of the molecular mechanisms underlying the high diversity of PAs in campanulids.
- Polyacetylenes (PAs) /
- Fatty acid desaturase 2 (FAD2) /
- Aralia /
- Molecular evolution rate /
- Functional genes
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图 1 不同植物FAD2蛋白序列系统发育关系（A）、保守基序（B）及结构域（C）分布

DES：去饱和酶；OH：羟化酶；EPOX：环氧酶；ACET：乙炔酶；CONJ：共轭酶；DES-OH和CONJ-ACET：双功能酶。

Figure 1. Phylogenetic relationships (A), conserved motifs (B), and domain (C) locations of FAD2 proteins in different plants

DES: Desaturases; OH: Hydroxylases; EPOX: Epoxygenases; ACET: Acetylenases; CONJ: Conjugases; DES-OH and CONJ-ACET: Bifunctional enzymes.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 2 楤木FAD2基因的共线性分析和染色体定位

线条表示FAD2基因对有片段/WGD复制。

Figure 2. Synteny analysis and location of FAD2 genes in Aralia elata

Lines suggest FAD2 gene pairs with segmental/WGD duplication.

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 3 DES和Ae-ACHE类基因之间的dN、dS和ω序列差异箱线图

Figure 3. Boxplots of sequence variation in dN, dS, and ω among DES and Ae-ACHE

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

图 4 FAD2基因在楤木不同组织中的表达模式

Figure 4. Expression patterns of FAD2 genes in different tissues of Aralia elata

下载: 全尺寸图片幻灯片

表 1 楤木和龙眼独活FAD2基因家族信息

Table 1 FAD2 gene family information for Aralia elata and Aralia fargesii

物种 Species	基因 Gene	蛋白ID Protein ID	氨基酸数目 Amino acid number / aa	核苷酸长度 Nucleotide length / bp
Aralia elata	AeFAD2-1	AE01G01834.1	383	1 152
A. elata	AeFAD2-2	AE08G02729.1	437	1 314
A. elata	AeFAD2-3	AE09G02236.1	386	1 161
A. elata	AeFAD2-4	AE01G01826.1	382	1 149
A. elata	AeFAD2-5	AE09G02238.1	386	1 161
A. elata	AeFAD2-6	AE09G02243.1	386	1 161
A. elata	AeFAD2-7	AE01G01829.1	386	1 161
A. elata	AeFAD2-8	AE09G02248.1	385	1 158
A. elata	AeFAD2-9	AE03G00727.1	387	1 164
A. elata	AeFAD2-10	AE10G01657.1	382	1 149
A. elata	AeFAD2-11	AE03G00790.1	389	1 170
A. elata	AeFAD2-12	AE09G02247.1	382	1 149
A. elata	AeFAD2-13	AE03G00739.1	389	1 170
A. elata	AeFAD2-14	AE09G02239.1	452	1 359
A. elata	AeFAD2-15	AE09G02245.1	383	1 152
A. elata	AeFAD2-16	AE03G00732.1	393	1 182
A. elata	AeFAD2-17	AE03G00735.1	384	1 155
A. elata	AeFAD2-18	AE09G02241.1	406	1 221
A. elata	AeFAD2-19	AE09G02246.1	458	1 377
A. elata	AeFAD2-20	AE03G00743.1	384	1 155
A. elata	AeFAD2-21	AE03G00740.1	384	1 155
A. elata	AeFAD2-22	AE03G00733.1	485	1 458
A. elata	AeFAD2-23	AE12G01565.1	685	2 058
A. elata	AeFAD2-24	AE01G01831.1	395	1 188
A. elata	AeFAD2-25	AE09G02237.1	814	2 445
A. elata	AeFAD2-26	AE09G02250.1	392	1 179
A. elata	AeFAD2-27	AE01G01828.1	781	2 346
A. elata	AeFAD2-28	AE12G00429.1	395	1 188
A. elata	AeFAD2-29	AE01G01823.1	392	1 179
A. elata	AeFAD2-30	AE12G00160.1	582	1 749
A. elata	AeFAD2-31	AE09G03101.1	361	1 086
A. elata	AeFAD2-32	AE03G00745.1	287	864
A. elata	AeFAD2-33	AE09G02235.1	367	1 104
A. elata	AeFAD2-34	AE03G00728.1	362	1 089
A. elata	AeFAD2-35	AE03G00742.1	338	1 017
A. elata	AeFAD2-36	AE03G00729.1	252	759
A. elata	AeFAD2-37	AE01G01824.1	512	1 539
A. elata	AeFAD2-38	AE01G01825.1	230	693
A. elata	AeFAD2-39	AE09G02249.1	157	474
A. elata	AeFAD2-40	AE03G00726.1	278	837
Aralia fargesii	AfFAD2-1	Gene.52563::CL13591.Contig2	498	1 745
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-2	Gene.83966::Unigene16638	489	1 851
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-3	Gene.73186::Unigene6924	493	1 844
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-4	Gene.70878::Unigene5147	539	1 888
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-5	Gene.63581::CL17487.Contig2	416	1 426
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-6	Gene.7407::CL1310.Contig5	404	1 388
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-7	Gene.7395::CL1310.Contig1	403	1 480
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-8	Gene.84775::Unigene17744	285	1 174
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-9	Gene.11266::CL2051.Contig2	247	1 109
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-10	Gene.53738::CL14047.Contig1	289	1 105
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-11	Gene.11267::CL2051.Contig3	217	437
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-12	Gene.7401::CL1310.Contig2	231	896
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-13	Gene.66033::Unigene1520	234	1 037
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-14	Gene.71066::Unigene5247	155	657
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-15	Gene.96184::Unigene34000	212	954
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-16	Gene.7412::CL1310.Contig7	205	796
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-17	Gene.134285::Unigene85446	133	400
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-18	Gene.7402::CL1310.Contig3	192	670
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-19	Gene.21482::CL4163.Contig2	119	471
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-20	Gene.21480::CL4163.Contig1	121	378
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-21	Gene.11263::CL2051.Contig1	145	1 018
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-22	Gene.97878::Unigene36182	159	477
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-23	Gene.63579::CL17487.Contig1	120	362
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-24	Gene.121892::Unigene69534	118	355
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-25	Gene.109004::Unigene50989	161	661
A. fargesii	AfFAD2-26	Gene.53739::CL14047.Contig2	115	347

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