Abstract: Jiulianshan Nature Reserve is located in Jiangxi province and has an abundance of orchid plants.Our investigation showed there are 63 orchid species belonging to 31 genera in the reserve.Among them,terrestrial were dominant,with 21 genera(45 species),followed by epiphytic with 9 genera(15 species),and saprophytic with 2 genera(3 species).There were 16 monotypic genera,which accounts for 55.2% of the total genera in the reserve.Compared with neighboring regions,Jiulianshan Mountain Nature Reserve and Nanling National Nature Reserve have the most number of orchid genera in common(24 genera),while the Scenic Area of Maijishan has the least number(11 genera).The geographical elements of orchid genera in Jiulianshan Mountain Nature Reserve can be divided into nine types and two sub-types.The main species distribution was in Temperate areas,with East Asia accounting for 42.9% of the total number of species.