Abstract: In the present study,the ploidy level of five populations of Actinidia chinensis and A.deliciosa with overlapping distributions in transitional regions ranging from the western China plateau to the middle-eastern China hilly mountains and six populations of pure A.chinensis individuals and one population with only A.deliciosa were detected,according to the geographical distribution data and our previous extensive survey of the wild populations of A.chinensis and A.deliciosa in China.Furthermore,the morphological traits were depicted and analyzed.The results showed:(1)A.chinensis possessed diploid and tetraploid,while A.deliciosa possessed tetraploid,pentaploid and hexaploid.(2)There was significant(p<0.05) difference of the longitude and latitude distribution between A.chinensis and A.deliciosa.A.chinensis distributed westward,and A.deliciosa located eastward in the longitudinal distribution.As to the latitudinal distribution,A.chinensis and A.deliciosa situated from northerly to southerly.The longitudinal and latitudinal distribution among the ploidy races of the two species were also significantly different(p<0.05).The distribution of the diploid,tetraploid,and hexaploid races was in the direction from east to west in the longitude,and from north to south in latitude.(3)There was significant difference(p<0.05) among the altitudinal distribution of the ploidy races of A.chinensis and A.deliciosa.The distribution of diploid race was in the lowest elevation,tetraploid race in the middle elevation,and the hexaploid in the highest elevation.However,there was no significant difference(p>0.05) between the altitudinal distribution of the tetraploid individuals and the hexaploid individuals by LSD test.This result for kiwifruit is beneficial to lay a preliminary research base to the cytotype distribution research fields and the collection,evaluation,innovation and sustainable use of kiwifruit germplasm resources,especially to provide the basic data and scientific basis to breeding of new kiwifruit varieties.