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阿月浑子栽培品种生长及结实生物学特性研究

Studies on Biological Features of Growth and Fruiting from Pistachios Cultivars

  • 摘要: 对来自美国和新疆的6个阿月浑子(Pistacia vera L.)品种的生长及结实生物学特性进行了研究。分析结果表明:Kerman和26-18#品种嫁接后3年开花结实。品种与50年生黄连木亲和力较高,嫁接成活株率和成活穗率达70%~100%,但品种在5月20日后有"回芽"现象。枝叶生长呈S型曲线,叶面积指数(LAI)平均达3.98。Ker-man品种每个接穗3年后产果穗最高达31个,坚果和核仁发育正常,每个果穗上具坚果88.5~116个。单果重0.81~1.89g,出核率和出仁率分别为54.32%~55.0%和48.08%~59.09%。

     

    Abstract: The biological features on growth and fruiting of six pistachio cultivars from the US and Xinjiang of China were studied. Results show that Kerman and 26-18# cultivars can bear nuts after grafted three-year old at Taian, Shandong. Affinity is vary strong between Pistacia vera and Pistacia chinensis about fifty-year old, survival tree rate and survival scion rate of pistachio cultivars grafted are 70%-100%, but there are dying buds (shoots) after 20 May grafted. Growth rhythm appears S-type to leaf and shoot of pistachio cultivars, leaf area index (LAI) mean is 3.98. Three-year old after grafting, there are thirty-one spikes on maximum growing scion and 88.5-116 nuts on each spike, and nuts and kernels develop very well. Each fruit wt. is about 0.81-1.89 g, stone/fruit and kernel/stone are 54.3%-55.0% and 48.1%-59.1%,respectively. Biological features of growth and fruiting on pistachio cultivars are discussed in this paper.

     

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