Abstract: Gametophytic development of Matteuccia orientalis(Hook.) Trev.was studied by the microscope.The spores germinate about 5 days after cultured.The germ filaments develop are uniseriate.The prothallial development is of Drynaria type.Mature male prochallu are approximately cordate and mature female prochallu are broad-round cordate.Hairs consist of 1～3 cells.Antheridia development is of the Polypodiaceae type.Dumbbell-like chloroplasts locate in middle and basal cells of prochallu.Extraordina-(rily) irregular chloroplasts are observed near germ filament of prochallu.Rhizoids develop are unicellular and filiform.Content of this paper provides basal data for systemic biology and cytobiology.