Abstract: Tsuga tchekiangensis,an endemic and rare plant species,is listed as the third class protected plant in China.To describe the niche characteristics of T.tchekiangensis,10 plots were established in Jiulongshan National Nature Reserve and field data were obtained by contiguous grid quadrat method.The results indicated that comparing with other species,the niche breadth of T.tchekiangensis,Rhododendron simiarum and Schima superba in arbor layer is bigger;The niche breadth of T.tchekiangensis,Rhododendron simiarum,Ardisia crenata,Schima superba and Acer buergerignum is bigger than other shrub species;T.tchekiangensis has more similarity in niche overlap and niche similarity with these species than others.The results would offer scientific theories for Conservation of T.tchekiangensis.