外生菌根真菌对不同氮浓度下马尾松幼苗生长和光合特性的影响

孙鹏飞; 沈雅飞; 王丽君; 陈天; 张萌; 肖文发; 程瑞梅

doi:10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.22113

外生菌根真菌对不同氮浓度下马尾松幼苗生长和光合特性的影响

孙鹏飞^1,,
沈雅飞^{1, 2},
王丽君¹,
陈天¹,
张萌¹,
肖文发^{1, 2},
程瑞梅^{1, 2, ,}

1.
中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所，国家林业和草原局森林生态环境重点实验室，北京100091
2.
南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心，南京210037

基金项目: 中国林业科学研究院重点基金（92104-2021）

详细信息

作者简介:
孙鹏飞（1992−），男，博士研究生，研究方向为森林生态学（E-mail：1075554411@qq.com）

通讯作者:
程瑞梅: E-mail：chengrm@caf.ac.cn

中图分类号: Q945
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2022-06-29
- 修回日期: 2022-09-02
- 网络出版日期: 2023-03-02
- 刊出日期: 2023-02-27

Effects of nitrogen addition and ectomycorrhizal fungi on growth and photosynthetic characteristics of Pinus massoniana Lamb. seedlings

1.
State Forestry Administration Key Laboratory of Forest, Ecology and Environment, Research Institute of Forest Ecology, Environment and Protection, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
2.
Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China

Funds: This work was supported by a grant from the Key Fund of the Chinese Academy of Forestry Sciences (92104-2021)

摘要

摘要:
为探究马尾松（Pinus massoniana Lamb.）在日益加剧的氮沉降背景下接种外生菌根真菌（Ectomycorrhizal fungi，EMF）后的生理响应规律和适应机制，以1年生马尾松幼苗为对象，通过模拟氮沉降增加（氮添加量分别为0、30、60、90 kg N·hm⁻²·a⁻¹）和接种外生菌根真菌的方法，研究施氮和接菌对马尾松幼苗生长和光合特性的影响。结果显示：（1）在同一施氮浓度下，两种EMF均能促进马尾松幼苗的生长和光合作用，接种处理对株高、生长量、叶绿素b、P_n、G_s、C_i、T_r影响极显著，两种EMF在不同的施氮浓度下促生效果不同；（2）在一定的氮沉降范围内，氮素增加仍可以促进马尾松幼苗的生长，其径粗、地上部和地下部干质量随施氮浓度的升高呈递增趋势；（3）二者交互处理下，马尾松幼苗生长和光合各项指标均有所提高，其中株高、生长量和叶绿素b显著增加，说明施氮和接菌均能促进马尾松的生长。研究结果表明，在一定程度的氮沉降下接种EMF可以促进马尾松的生长和光合作用，提高马尾松的生产力，在未来氮沉降增加的背景下，施氮量增加仍对菌根化马尾松有促生作用。
- 氮添加 /
- 外生菌根真菌 /
- 马尾松 /
- 生长 /
- 光合作用
Abstract:
To explore the physiological responses and adaptation mechanisms of P. massoniana Lamb. inoculated with ectomycorrhizal fungi (EMF) under increasing nitrogen deposition, one-year-old P. massoniana seedlings were inoculated with EMF and stimulated by nitrogen deposition (0, 30, 60, 90 kg N·hm⁻²·a⁻¹, respectively). The effects of nitrogen application and inoculation on the growth and photosynthetic characteristics of P. massoniana seedlings were then studied. Results showed that: (1) Under the same nitrogen concentration, both kinds of EMF promoted the growth and photosynthesis of P. massoniana seedlings, and inoculation had significant effects on plant height, growth, chlorophyll b, P_n, G_s, C_i, and T_r. The growth promoting effects of both EMF differed under different nitrogen concentrations. (2) Within a certain range of nitrogen deposition, increasing nitrogen promoted P. massoniana seedling growth. Diameter, aboveground dry weight, and underground dry weight increased with the increase in nitrogen concentration. (3) Under interactive treatment, the growth and photosynthetic indices of P. massoniana seedlings increased, among which plant height, growth, and chlorophyll b increased significantly, indicating that nitrogen application and EMF inoculation promoted P. massoniana growth. In general, EMF inoculation promoted the growth, photosynthesis, and productivity of P. massoniana under a certain range of nitrogen deposition. Under a background of increasing nitrogen deposition in the future, nitrogen application can promote the growth of mycorrhizal P. massoniana, providing a basis for the artificial afforestation of P. massoniana as a dominant tree species in the Three Gorges Reservoir area.
- Nitrogen addition /
- Ectomycorrhizal fungus /
- Pinus massoniana /
- Plant growth /
- Photosynthesis

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图 1 不同氮浓度下接种EMF对马尾松幼苗气体交换参数的影响

数值为均值 ± 标准差（n = 3）。相同字母表示两者之间在 P < 0.05 的水平下差异不显著（Duncan’s test），下同。

Figure 1. Effects of EMF inoculation on gas exchange parameters of Pinus massoniana seedlings under different N concentrations

Values are means ± SD (n = 3). Means followed by the same letter are not significantly different at P < 0.05 by Duncan’s test, same below.

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图 2 不同氮浓度下接种EMF对马尾松幼苗水分利用效率和叶片相对含水量的影响

Figure 2. Effects of EMF inoculation on water use efficiency and relative water content of Pinus massoniana seedlings under different N concentrations

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表 1 施氮、接种处理及两者交互作用对马尾松幼苗各指标的影响

Table 1 Effects of N treatment, EMF treatment, and N × EMF on Pinus massoniana seedling parameters

指标 Parameter	接种处理 EMF treatment		施氮处理 Nitrogen treatment		接种处理 × 施氮处理 EMF × Nitrogen treatment
指标 Parameter	F	P	F	P	F	P
株高	49.71	0.00**	137.07	0.00**	10.27	0.00**
径粗	3.61	0.04*	179.88	0.00**	1.59	0.19ns
地上部干质量	2.61	0.08ns	8.05	0.00**	0.39	0.88ns
地下部干质量	1.24	0.30ns	6.49	0.00**	0.30	0.93ns
生长量	264.39	0.00**	162.86	0.00**	26.22	0.00**
叶绿素a含量	1.37	0.27ns	7.65	0.00**	0.29	0.94ns
叶绿素b含量	19.43	0.00**	28.38	0.00**	5.87	0.00**
总叶绿素含量	3.06	0.07ns	10.89	0.00**	0.58	0.74ns
类胡萝卜素含量	1.46	0.25ns	4.91	0.00**	0.37	0.89ns
水分利用效率	3.23	0.06ns	7.90	0.00**	0.43	0.85ns
相对含水量	0.37	0.69ns	0.35	0.79ns	0.06	1.00ns
净光合速率	16.62	0.00**	46.55	0.00**	3.27	0.02*
气孔导度	20.30	0.00**	10.92	0.00**	1.34	0.28ns
胞间CO₂浓度	14.53	0.00**	0.92	0.45ns	1.75	0.15ns
蒸腾速率	18.26	0.00**	2.33	0.10ns	1.83	0.14ns
注：，P < 0.05；*，P < 0.01；ns，不显著。
Note: ns, non-significant.

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表 2 施氮与接种外生菌根真菌对马尾松幼苗生长的影响

Table 2 Effects of N application and EMF inoculation on Pinus massoniana seedling growth

接菌 Inoculation	氮浓度 Nitrogen concentration / kg N·hm⁻²·a⁻¹	株高净增长量 Net growth of plant height / cm	茎粗净增长量 Net growth of stem diameter / cm	地上部干重 Aboveground dry weight / g	地下部干重 Underground dry weight / g	生长量 Growth weight / g
Sg	0	10.83 ± 0.37d	0.77 ± 0.02f	11.93 ± 3.23bc	2.87 ± 0.92bc	75.56 ± 5.97de
	30	11.36 ± 0.28c	0.99 ± 0.04e	18.58 ± 2.01ab	4.72 ± 0.53abc	85.08 ± 4.13d
	60	12.09 ± 0.33ab	1.23 ± 0.02b	22.05 ± 4.08a	5.91 ± 0.58ab	120.68 ± 2.16b
	90	12.02 ± 0.24ab	1.12 ± 0.03cd	19.00 ± 4.65ab	4.74 ± 1.58abc	101.36 ± 4.38c
Pt	0	10.51 ± 0.39d	0.74 ± 0.05f	10.50 ± 2.04bc	2.73 ± 0.20c	49.39 ± 2.81g
	30	10.85 ± 0.17d	0.96 ± 0.01e	14.60 ± 2.14abc	3.86 ± 0.37bc	63.22 ± 4.03f
	60	12.35 ± 0.23a	1.34 ± 0.12a	23.09 ± 3.28a	6.99 ± 1.60a	133.12 ± 1.46a
	90	11.88 ± 0.14b	1.17 ± 0.03bc	15.64 ± 2.58abc	4.57 ± 1.04abc	130.61 ± 3.22ab
CK	0	8.92 ± 0.35e	0.74 ± 0.03f	7.73 ± 0.81c	2.69 ± 0.55c	22.92 ± 3.90h
	30	10.73 ± 0.31d	0.95 ± 0.03e	11.66 ± 1.90bc	3.03 ± 0.42bc	42.38 ± 2.67g
	60	11.79 ± 0.19b	1.23 ± 0.03b	17.35 ± 2.94ab	5.25 ± 1.26abc	68.28 ± 2.62ef
	90	11.38 ± 0.37c	1.08 ± 0.03d	17.08 ± 2.50ab	3.64 ± 0.70bc	47.46 ± 2.59g
注：同列不同小写字母代表差异显著（P ＜ 0.05）。下同
Note: Different letters in same column indicate significant difference at P < 0.05 level among treatments. Same below.

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表 3 不同氮浓度下接种EMF对马尾松幼苗光合色素含量的影响

Table 3 Effects of EMF inoculation on photosynthetic pigment content in Pinus massoniana seedlings under different N concentrations

接菌 Inoculation	氮浓度 N concentration / kg N·hm⁻²·a⁻¹	叶绿素a含量 Chl a content / mg/g	叶绿素b含量 Chl b content / mg/g	总叶绿素含量 Chl t content / mg/g	类胡萝卜素含量 Carotenoid content / mg/g
Sg	0	0.323 ± 0.058cd	0.104 ± 0.034c	0426 ± 0.057cd	0.103 ± 0.018abc
	30	0.355 ± 0.031bcd	0.112 ± 0.070c	0.467 ± 0.094cd	0.105 ± 0.012abc
	60	0.548 ± 0.010ab	0.157 ± 0.040b	0.699 ± 0.014ab	0.150 ± 0.001ab
	90	0.468 ± 0.064abcd	0.152 ± 0.024b	0.625 ± 0.101abc	0.132 ± 0.020abc
Pt	0	0.312 ± 0.039cd	0.099 ± 0.020c	0.412 ± 0.059cd	0.088 ± 0.001bc
	30	0.357 ± 0.062bcd	0.097 ± 0.001c	0.457 ± 0.065cd	0.102 ± 0.021abc
	60	0.575 ± 0.065a	0.221 ± 0.038a	0.747 ± 0.076a	0.167 ± 0.014a
	90	0.519 ± 0.080abc	0.171 ± 0.012b	0.740 ± 0.113ab	0.142 ± 0.033abc
CK	0	0.275 ± 0.022d	0.093 ± 0.017c	0.367 ± 0.039d	0.071 ± 0.017c
	30	0.327 ± 0.021cd	0.094 ± 0.001c	0.420 ± 0.029cd	0.094 ± 0.003bc
	60	0.460 ± 0.106abcd	0.118 ± 0.031c	0.578 ± 0.137abcd	0.130 ± 0.031abc
	90	0.417 ± 0.111abcd	0.102 ± 0.045c	0.518 ± 0.156bcd	0.112 ± 0.036abc

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