Study on the community of Melastoma penicillatum in Mount Exianling, Hainan Island, China
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摘要: 采用样方调查方法，对海南俄贤岭紫毛野牡丹（Melastoma penicillatum Naud.）灌丛群落的种类组成、区系类型和群落结构等进行了研究。结果显示，在200 m2的样地内，有维管植物37种，隶属于26科33属；属的区系成分以热带亚洲（印度-马来西亚）分布和泛热带分布为主，分别占非世界总属数的31.03%和24.14%。在种的水平上，泛热带分布最多，占非世界分布总种数的25%。群落种类主要由灌木（24种）和草本（9种）构成，灌木层中以紫毛野牡丹为优势种，草本层以乌毛蕨（Blechnum orientale L.）为优势种；藤本植物仅有3种。生活型以中高位芽为主，占40.54%；群落的频度划分为5个等级（A：1%~20%、B：21%~40%、C：41%~60%、D：61%~80%、E：81%~100%），频度等级的分布规律为A > B > D > C=E。与该地海南凤仙花（Impatiens hainanensis Y.L.Chen）群落和海南大戟（Euphorbia hainanensis Croizat）灌丛群落进行比较发现，该群落植物种类更少，分布更稀疏，层次更明显。Abstract: The species composition, floral components, and characteristics of the Melastoma penicillatum Naud. community in Mount Exianling of Hainan Island were studied. A total of 37 vascular species were recorded, belonging to 33 genera and 26 families in plots with an area of 200 m2. Species could be divided into seven distribution types and one subtype at the generic level, with the floristic elements mainly exhibiting tropical Asia (India-Malaysia) and pantropical distribution, which accounted for 31.03% and 24.14% of the total number of genera (excluding cosmopolitan genera), respectively. At the species level, pantropical distribution accounted for 25% of the total number of species (excluding cosmopolitan species). The shrub layer (24 species) and herb layer (9 species) were the main components of the community, with M. penicillatum Naud. dominant in the shrub layer and Blechnum orientale L.dominant in the herb layer. Only three species were distributed in the liana layer. The main life form distribution was mesophanerophyte, accounting for 40.54%. Community frequency was divided into five grades (A: 1%-20%, B: 21%-40%, C: 41%-60%, D: 61%-80%, E: 81%-100%), and followed the pattern A > B > D > C=E. The M. penicillatum Naud. community exhibited fewer plant species, sparser distribution, and more distinct layers in comparison to the Impatiens hainanensis Y. L. Chen and Euphorbia hainanensis Croizat. communities.
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Keywords:
- Melastoma penicillatum /
- Community characteristics /
- Limestone /
- Hainan
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