Differential thermal analysis on the freezing dynamics of Chimonanthus praecox and Photinia serrulata stems
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摘要: 在（0.66 ±0.2）℃/min（0℃~-20℃）的降温速度下，采用高分辨率差热分析法分别对石楠（Photinia serrulata Lindl.）和蜡梅（Chimonanthus praecox（L.）Link）活体幼茎和经过10 min高温煮沸的幼茎在结冰过程中的热力学行为进行分析，并根据茎的形态解剖结构对他们的结冰特征进行研究。结果显示：石楠和蜡梅的活体幼茎在结冰过程中的差热扫描曲线均出现3个放热峰；而经过高温杀死后的茎仅出现1个单放热峰。分析结果表明，2种植物活体幼茎的3个放热峰可能与其木质部、质外体、韧皮部、形成层的结冰、脱水以及髓组织的结冰、脱水过程有关。进一步采用生理盐水浸湿的滤纸进行模拟实验，结果发现差热扫描曲线出现与高温杀死的茎类似的放热峰。实验结果表明，采用高分辨率差热分析法可以探测植物组织结冰过程中的放热强度、结冰温度及其与结冰动力学过程相关的大量细节，适用于植物的结冰动力学分析。Abstract: At a cooling rate of (0.66 ±0.2)℃/min, the thermodynamic behavior of living and heat-killed (100℃ for 10 min) young stems of Photinia serrulata Lindl and Chimonanthus praecox (L.) Link. were investigated using high-resolution differential thermal analysis (DTA) during freezing from 0℃--20℃. The freezing features of the stems were also analyzed based on their morphological structures. The DTA curves from living stems of P. serrulata and C. praecox showed three exothermic peaks, whereas those from heat-killed stems showed one exothermic peak. Based on the dynamics of the exotherms, structures of the stems, and thermal conductance, the three exothermic peaks from living tissues likely represented the freezing process in the stems in the following order:freezing of apoplastic water, freezing dehydration of cambium and phloem, and finally freezing dehydration of pith cells. The simulation of uniform tissue sap using filter papers drenched with normal saline also showed a single exothermic peak, which was similar to the thermal behavior of the killed stems, indicating the freezing of a solution with no isolation of the cell membrane. These results showed that many details on heat release, freezing temperature, and dynamics of the freezing process in tissues can be revealed by DTA, which is thus suitable for analysis of freezing dynamics in plants.
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