Quality variation in Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels based on chemical composition and ecological characteristics
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摘要: 以甘肃省地道药材当归(Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels)为材料，探讨当归品质的空间变异规律和气候特征。基于当归的5种化学成分含量分析其品质变异规律，并结合不同时间尺度气候因子研究品质变异的主要气候成因。结果显示，根据当归5种化学成分总含量可分为甘肃-云南高含量区和四川-湖北低含量区, 藁本内酯、阿魏酸、丁烯基苯酞是造成当归品质地理变异的3种主要化学成分。年平均气温、≥10℃活动积温和年平均相对湿度是影响当归品质地理变异的主要气候因子, 且4-10月间的月平均气温与丁烯基苯酞和藁本内酯呈强负相关, 5-9月间的月平均气温与阿魏酸呈强负相关, 说明花果期适当的低温、低湿有利于当归成分藁本内酯、阿魏酸、丁烯基苯酞的积累。研究结果解释了云南和甘肃低热量区当归品质相似的气候原因。Abstract: Medicinal plant quality is the basis for ensuring the efficacy of medicinal materials. Here, we investigated the spatial variation characteristics of Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels in Gansu Province, China, based on chemical composition and ecological characteristics. Quality variation patterns in A.sinensis were explored based on the contents of five chemical components as well as climatic factors at different time scales. Results showed that the quality of A. sinensis in Gansu, Yunnan, Sichuan, and Hubei could be divided into high-content (Gansu-Yunnan) and low-content regions (Sichuan-Hubei). Furthermore, ferulic acid, ligustilide, and 3-butylidenephthalide were the three main chemical components causing geographic variation in A.sinensis quality. Mean annual air temperature, ≥10℃ activity accumulated temperature, and average annual relative humidity were the key climatic factors affecting geographic variation in A.sinensis quality. Average monthly air temperature from April to October showed a strong negative correlation with 3-butylidenephthalide and ligustilide content, while average monthly air temperature from May to September showed a strong negative correlation with ferulic acid content. These results suggest that appropriate low-temperature and low-humidity climates are beneficial for ligustilide, ferulic acid, and 3-butylidenephthalide accumulation in A. sinensis, thus explaining the similar quality of A. sinensis in Yunnan and Gansu.
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