Effects of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium ratio fertilization on physiology and biomass accumulation of Erythropalum scandens Bl.
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摘要: 赤苍藤(Erythropalum scandens Bl.)是华南、西南地区一种常见的木本蔬菜，其嫩茎叶口感好、营养价值高。本研究采用“3414”施肥法，对1.5年生大新种源赤苍藤扦插苗进行追肥试验，探究不同氮磷钾施肥处理对其生理特性及生物量积累的影响。结果显示：大多数施肥处理下赤苍藤植株生理及干物质积累情况较对照(N0P0K0)有所提升，渗透调节物质、叶绿素等随施肥进程均有规律性升高或降低；多因素方差分析结果表明，氮素主效应对各指标的影响效果高于磷、钾；施肥后期，缺素及过量施肥处理均出现轻度养分胁迫现象；此外，施肥后期叶片大量元素含量较施肥中期降低，可能存在一定的“养分稀释”效应；综合分析发现，尿素2.14 g/株 + 过磷酸钙4.44 g/株 + 氯化钾0.67~1.33 g/株处理下赤苍藤植株状况最佳；氮素对赤苍藤生长发育的促进及胁迫作用较为突出。Abstract: Erythropalum scandens Bl. is a common woody vegetable in South and Southwest China. Its tender stems and leaves are valued for their taste and high nutritional value. In this study, the “3414” fertilization method was used to carry out a top-dressing experiment on 1.5-year-old Daxin Provenance cutting seedlings of E. scandens to explore the effects of different nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) fertilization treatments on physiological characteristics and biomass accumulation. Compared to the control (CK), plant physiology and dry matter accumulation were improved under most fertilization treatments, and osmotic regulators and chlorophyll changed with fertilization. The main effect of N was stronger than that of P and K. In the late fertilization stage, both nutrient deficiency and over-fertilization showed mild nutrient stress. In addition, bulk element content in leaves in the late fertilization period was lower than that in the mid-fertilization period, which had a “nutrient dilution” effect. The optimal physiological and material accumulation conditions for the plant were urea 2.14 g/plant, calcium superphosphate 4.44 g/plant, and potassium chloride 0.67-1.33 g/plant. Overall, N played a prominent role in promoting and stressing E. scandens growth and development.
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