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Xu Yao-Zhan, Liu Jian-Ming, Wan Dan, Liu Meng-Ting, Jiang Ming-Xi. Effects of canopy structure and topography on seedling species diversity in an evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2020, 38(6): 733-742. DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2020.60733
Citation: Xu Yao-Zhan, Liu Jian-Ming, Wan Dan, Liu Meng-Ting, Jiang Ming-Xi. Effects of canopy structure and topography on seedling species diversity in an evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2020, 38(6): 733-742. DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2020.60733
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Effects of canopy structure and topography on seedling species diversity in an evergreen and deciduous broad-leaved mixed forest

  • 1. Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China;

  • 2. Center of Conservation Biology, Core Botanical Gardens, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China;

  • 3. Forestry Prospect&Design Institute of Hubei Province, Wuhan 430079, China;

  • 4. Chongqing Branch Institute, Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute, Chongqing 400026, China;

  • 5. Hubei Academy of Environmental Science, Wuhan 430072, China

Funds: 

This work was supported by grants from the National Key Research and Development Program (2016YFC0503105), National Science and Technology Basic Work Program of China (2015FY1103002-4), and National Natural Science Foundation of China (31700356).

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  • Received Date: March 23, 2020
  • Revised Date: May 13, 2020
  • Available Online: October 31, 2022
  • Published Date: December 27, 2020
    Graphical Abstract
    • Abstract
  • Forest canopy structure and topography are the most obvious characteristics of forest ecosystems and directly affect forest regeneration, seedling survival, and diversity. To reveal the mechanisms of canopy structure, topography, and spatial variables on understory species diversity and functional diversity, we performed semi-spherical photography and extracted indices of canopy structure in 1.2 hm2 seedling monitoring plot in the 25 hm2 Badagongshan forest plot, then investigated species composition and abundance of seedling communities in each 20 m×20 m quadrat in the seedling monitoring plot. We also sampled leaves of common species close to the reserve and measured leaf functional traits. We applied the spatial simultaneous autoregressive error model (SARs) to test the effects of canopy structure, topography, and spatial factors on seedling species diversity and functional diversity. Results showed that: (1) canopy structure of adult tree communities in the 1.2 hm2 plot was relatively complex and the mean maximum canopy height, mean leaf area index (LAI), mean leaf angle (MLA), and Gndcover were 19.94 m, 2.94, 30.88°, and 0.87, respectively; (2) Canopy structure and topographical variables explained 32.6% - 48.4% and 28.5% - 70.2% of variation in the species and functional diversity indices, respectively, but not all topographical variables were entered in the best-fitting model of species diversity indices; (3) Seedling species diversity was higher in habitats with a high altitude and slope and where canopy structure had a lower LAI and MLA, whereas, seedling functional diversity was higher in habitats with a low altitude and slope and where canopy structure had a lower LAI and MLA. These results provide suggestions and guidance for forest regeneration evaluation and vegetation inventory.
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