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1
2012, 30(1): 49-54.
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1142.2012.10049
Abstract:
In order to determine the stage and pattern of anther abortion, anatomical observations of anthers in cytoplasmic male sterile line 6w-9605A and its maintainer line 6w-9605B in Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.ssp.pekinensis) were made using paraffin sections.Simultaneously,the floral organ and fertility of 6w-9605A were observed.The results showed that the anthers of maintainer line 6w-9605B were normal and the abortion of male sterile line occurred mainly at the differentiation stage of archesporial cells,which accounted for 66.7% of anther abortion and resulted in no pollen sac differentiation.In the remaining 33.3% of abortion anthers,pollen sacs were produced but the development of microspores stopped at the late uninucleate or dinucleate stages,and the hypertrophic tapetal cells compressed the microspores and caused the sterility of pollen grains.The sterility of 6w-9605A was stable and complete (100%).
In order to determine the stage and pattern of anther abortion, anatomical observations of anthers in cytoplasmic male sterile line 6w-9605A and its maintainer line 6w-9605B in Chinese cabbage (Brassica campestris L.ssp.pekinensis) were made using paraffin sections.Simultaneously,the floral organ and fertility of 6w-9605A were observed.The results showed that the anthers of maintainer line 6w-9605B were normal and the abortion of male sterile line occurred mainly at the differentiation stage of archesporial cells,which accounted for 66.7% of anther abortion and resulted in no pollen sac differentiation.In the remaining 33.3% of abortion anthers,pollen sacs were produced but the development of microspores stopped at the late uninucleate or dinucleate stages,and the hypertrophic tapetal cells compressed the microspores and caused the sterility of pollen grains.The sterility of 6w-9605A was stable and complete (100%).
2
2013, 31(2): 171-177.
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1142.2013.20171
Abstract:
Prokaryotic cytoskeletal protein FtsZ, a microtubule homolog, assembles into a compact circular structure at the mid-cell and plays an important role in cytokinesis. To explore the function of FtsZ in Spirulina platensis morphogenesis, we cloned the ftsZ gene from S.platensis and constructed its fusion tag of GFP expression plasmid pGFP-FtsZ. The recombined expression vector was transformed to Escherichia coli BL21. Western blot analysis showed that the GFP-FtsZ fusion gene was successfully expressed in the transformant. The transformed bacteria that expressed the GFP-FtsZ protein changed from normal short-rod shapes and formed long filaments. The length of the filamentation cells was proportional to the expression amount of FtsZ in cells. Regular-dot distribution of the GFP-FtsZ fusion protein in transformed bacteria was observed by fluorescent light microscopy. The data demonstrated that FtsZ was a highly conserved functional protein. The FtsZ of S.platensis assembled the complete cytokinesis apparatus and formed a Z-ring structure at the future division site to regulate cell division in E.coli.The overexpression of FtsZ blocked the normal cell cycle and led to cell filamentation.
Prokaryotic cytoskeletal protein FtsZ, a microtubule homolog, assembles into a compact circular structure at the mid-cell and plays an important role in cytokinesis. To explore the function of FtsZ in Spirulina platensis morphogenesis, we cloned the ftsZ gene from S.platensis and constructed its fusion tag of GFP expression plasmid pGFP-FtsZ. The recombined expression vector was transformed to Escherichia coli BL21. Western blot analysis showed that the GFP-FtsZ fusion gene was successfully expressed in the transformant. The transformed bacteria that expressed the GFP-FtsZ protein changed from normal short-rod shapes and formed long filaments. The length of the filamentation cells was proportional to the expression amount of FtsZ in cells. Regular-dot distribution of the GFP-FtsZ fusion protein in transformed bacteria was observed by fluorescent light microscopy. The data demonstrated that FtsZ was a highly conserved functional protein. The FtsZ of S.platensis assembled the complete cytokinesis apparatus and formed a Z-ring structure at the future division site to regulate cell division in E.coli.The overexpression of FtsZ blocked the normal cell cycle and led to cell filamentation.
3
2007, 25(5): 500-508.
Abstract:
Plant secondary metabolism is resulted from interactions between plants and environments during the long-term evolution process,and is derived from the so-called primary metabolism.Terpenoids,alkaloids and phenylpropanoids are the main three types of plant secondary metabolites,their metabolic pathways mostly exist in a way of metabolic channels,and the pathways possess characteristics of the species,the genus and the phase of growth and development.The present paper carried out discussions on the classification of plant secondary metabolites,the metabolic pathways and the gene engineering of metabolic regulations.In order to provide theoretical bases for comprehensively understanding the plant metabolism network,their reasonable positioning of secondary metabolism and its key enzymes,and for stimulating the sustainable exploration of wild plant resources,the discussions were emphasized on biosynthetic pathways of the secondary metabolites and some other aspects including genetic improvement strategies on plant secondary metabolic pathways by using gene-engineering technology.
Plant secondary metabolism is resulted from interactions between plants and environments during the long-term evolution process,and is derived from the so-called primary metabolism.Terpenoids,alkaloids and phenylpropanoids are the main three types of plant secondary metabolites,their metabolic pathways mostly exist in a way of metabolic channels,and the pathways possess characteristics of the species,the genus and the phase of growth and development.The present paper carried out discussions on the classification of plant secondary metabolites,the metabolic pathways and the gene engineering of metabolic regulations.In order to provide theoretical bases for comprehensively understanding the plant metabolism network,their reasonable positioning of secondary metabolism and its key enzymes,and for stimulating the sustainable exploration of wild plant resources,the discussions were emphasized on biosynthetic pathways of the secondary metabolites and some other aspects including genetic improvement strategies on plant secondary metabolic pathways by using gene-engineering technology.
4
2001, 19(4): 332-344.
Abstract:
Studies on plant peroxidases are reviewed in this paper, including enzyme types and localization, molecular structure, purification and identification and gene expression and regulation related to plant growth, development, wounding and pathogen infection etc. The physiological functions of peroxida ses in plant are also discussed, which cover such as active oxygen metabolism, formation of lignin and suberin, degradation of auxin, oxidation of other compounds and responses for various environmental stresses, especially the pathogen attack.
Studies on plant peroxidases are reviewed in this paper, including enzyme types and localization, molecular structure, purification and identification and gene expression and regulation related to plant growth, development, wounding and pathogen infection etc. The physiological functions of peroxida ses in plant are also discussed, which cover such as active oxygen metabolism, formation of lignin and suberin, degradation of auxin, oxidation of other compounds and responses for various environmental stresses, especially the pathogen attack.
5
2013, 31(2): 151-157.
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1142.2013.20151
Abstract:
Tissue culture and regeneration of the medicinal plant, Perilla frutescens, were investigated from different explants with different concentrations and combinations of hormones, and an efficient regeneration system was established. Explants showed high to low regeneration in the order terminal bud, lamina, cotyledon and hypocotyl. The regeneration rate of terminal bud was above 85% with or without hormone, and the addition of appropriate hormone promoted the proliferation rate. The regeneration rate of lamina was 70% on average with 0.05-0.1 mg/L TDZ. Optimal hormone combinations of cotyledon and hypocotyl were MS+KT 1.0 mg/L + IAA 1.0 mg/L and MS + 6-BA 1.0 mg/L + IAA 1.0 mg/L, with regeneration rates of 22.22% and 14.61%, respectively. The best rooting medium was 1/2 MS medium without hormone, leading to rooting rate of 86.67% and root length of 7.36 cm, on average. Explants from lamina could form leaf clusters, which induced adventitious buds repeatedly and proliferated quickly.
Tissue culture and regeneration of the medicinal plant, Perilla frutescens, were investigated from different explants with different concentrations and combinations of hormones, and an efficient regeneration system was established. Explants showed high to low regeneration in the order terminal bud, lamina, cotyledon and hypocotyl. The regeneration rate of terminal bud was above 85% with or without hormone, and the addition of appropriate hormone promoted the proliferation rate. The regeneration rate of lamina was 70% on average with 0.05-0.1 mg/L TDZ. Optimal hormone combinations of cotyledon and hypocotyl were MS+KT 1.0 mg/L + IAA 1.0 mg/L and MS + 6-BA 1.0 mg/L + IAA 1.0 mg/L, with regeneration rates of 22.22% and 14.61%, respectively. The best rooting medium was 1/2 MS medium without hormone, leading to rooting rate of 86.67% and root length of 7.36 cm, on average. Explants from lamina could form leaf clusters, which induced adventitious buds repeatedly and proliferated quickly.
6
2001, 19(3): 259-261.
7
2001, 19(2): 153-157.
Abstract:
Sweet protein thanmatin is a noncaloric sweetener that has many advantages such as high sweetness intensity,low calories,no toxicity and nice sweet taste.The review is given about the structure,quality and possible sweet mechanism of sweet protein thaumatin.The development and application of sweet protein thaumatin will have broad prospect in the aspects of foodstuff industry and plant reformation.
Sweet protein thanmatin is a noncaloric sweetener that has many advantages such as high sweetness intensity,low calories,no toxicity and nice sweet taste.The review is given about the structure,quality and possible sweet mechanism of sweet protein thaumatin.The development and application of sweet protein thaumatin will have broad prospect in the aspects of foodstuff industry and plant reformation.
8
2012, 30(5): 528-544.
DOI: 10.3724/SP.J.1142.2012.50528
Abstract:
Gateway molecular cloning technology was developed by Invitrogen based on the mechanism of site-specific recombination between λ phage DNA and the Escherichia coli genome.Construction of an expression vector for a target gene via Gateway LR reaction does not need to use restriction enzymes and a ligase,and thus is time efficient. Recently,to expand the application of Gateway technology in plant genetic engineering,several research groups have constructed Gateway destination vectors for studies on constitutive,inducible or silence expression of target genes,promoter analyses,protein localization,protein/protein interaction,DNA fragment modular assembly and functional verification of genomic fragments.Here we review research progress on the development of these destination vectors.
Gateway molecular cloning technology was developed by Invitrogen based on the mechanism of site-specific recombination between λ phage DNA and the Escherichia coli genome.Construction of an expression vector for a target gene via Gateway LR reaction does not need to use restriction enzymes and a ligase,and thus is time efficient. Recently,to expand the application of Gateway technology in plant genetic engineering,several research groups have constructed Gateway destination vectors for studies on constitutive,inducible or silence expression of target genes,promoter analyses,protein localization,protein/protein interaction,DNA fragment modular assembly and functional verification of genomic fragments.Here we review research progress on the development of these destination vectors.
9
2000, 18(4): 344-346.
10
2014, 32(6): 551-560.
DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2014.60551
Abstract:
To observe similarities and differences in stem anatomical structures among litchi, longan and longli, we compared the stem transverse structures and vessel elements of 20 different materials among litchi, longan and longli by free hand section and tissue segregation procedure, respectively. The results showed that (1) The stem structure of the experimental materials from the inside to the outside was periderm, cortex, vascular tissue, pith and ray, but their structure characteristics exhibited great differences. Average pith rate of longan germplasm (26.19%) was significantly greater than that of longli (22.43%) or litchi (6.96%) germplasm, and among them the lowest pith rate was found in Litchi chinensis var. fulvosus (3.37%), followed by ‘Sanyuehong’ (14.14%), and wild longan (30.27%). In addition, the bark rate of litchi (41.93%) was significantly greater than that in longan (33.21%) and longli (29.83%). (2) Vessel density of each tested material was not obviously regular, with ‘Sanyuehong’ (93.17 No./mm2) exhibiting minimum vessel density, followed by longli (101.78 No./mm2); total vessel area/xylem area of litchi was significantly higher than that of longan and longli; the ‘Sanyuehong’ (22.13 μm) ray was significantly wider than that of the other tested materials. (3) Vessel elements mostly belonged to pitted or reticulate vessels, but did include a few ringed, spiral or scalariform vessels in the 20 accessions. Vessel diameter of ‘Sanyuehong’ (35.97 μm) was significantly higher than that of the other tested materials, followed by longli (33.90 μm), with and L. chinensis var. fulvosus (238.52 μm) significantly longer than other specimens. (4) The vessel elements of large aperture, short, end wall of small inclination (or level), no tail, pitted pattern, and simple perforation plate were evolutionary vessel element traits. In litchi germplasm, the vessel elements of ‘Sanyuehong’ were evolutionary, and L. chinensis var. fulvosus was more primitive. (5) Cluster analysis of the stem index structures found that the 20 accessions were firstly divided into two categories. The first category was Litchi germplasm resources, except ‘Sanyuehong’, and the second category included all longan germplasm resources, longli and litchi ‘Sanyuehong’. These two categories were then divided into eight groups, with each group having significant features alone. Comparison of species anatomical stem features showed that litchi was more primitive than longan, and longli was in the middle.
To observe similarities and differences in stem anatomical structures among litchi, longan and longli, we compared the stem transverse structures and vessel elements of 20 different materials among litchi, longan and longli by free hand section and tissue segregation procedure, respectively. The results showed that (1) The stem structure of the experimental materials from the inside to the outside was periderm, cortex, vascular tissue, pith and ray, but their structure characteristics exhibited great differences. Average pith rate of longan germplasm (26.19%) was significantly greater than that of longli (22.43%) or litchi (6.96%) germplasm, and among them the lowest pith rate was found in Litchi chinensis var. fulvosus (3.37%), followed by ‘Sanyuehong’ (14.14%), and wild longan (30.27%). In addition, the bark rate of litchi (41.93%) was significantly greater than that in longan (33.21%) and longli (29.83%). (2) Vessel density of each tested material was not obviously regular, with ‘Sanyuehong’ (93.17 No./mm2) exhibiting minimum vessel density, followed by longli (101.78 No./mm2); total vessel area/xylem area of litchi was significantly higher than that of longan and longli; the ‘Sanyuehong’ (22.13 μm) ray was significantly wider than that of the other tested materials. (3) Vessel elements mostly belonged to pitted or reticulate vessels, but did include a few ringed, spiral or scalariform vessels in the 20 accessions. Vessel diameter of ‘Sanyuehong’ (35.97 μm) was significantly higher than that of the other tested materials, followed by longli (33.90 μm), with and L. chinensis var. fulvosus (238.52 μm) significantly longer than other specimens. (4) The vessel elements of large aperture, short, end wall of small inclination (or level), no tail, pitted pattern, and simple perforation plate were evolutionary vessel element traits. In litchi germplasm, the vessel elements of ‘Sanyuehong’ were evolutionary, and L. chinensis var. fulvosus was more primitive. (5) Cluster analysis of the stem index structures found that the 20 accessions were firstly divided into two categories. The first category was Litchi germplasm resources, except ‘Sanyuehong’, and the second category included all longan germplasm resources, longli and litchi ‘Sanyuehong’. These two categories were then divided into eight groups, with each group having significant features alone. Comparison of species anatomical stem features showed that litchi was more primitive than longan, and longli was in the middle.
11
2017, 35(6): 940-949.
DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2017.60940
Abstract:
Plant leaves represent an important interface between a plant and the surrounding environment, and their functional traits are influenced by the external environment and phylogeny. Elucidating variations in leaf functional traits in different environments is crucial to understand plant adaptation. In this paper, the types and functional significance of the functional traits of leaves are summarized. Related studies on the two main factors affecting the functional traits of leaves (environmental factors and phylogenetic history), as well as involvement in plant adaptation, are also discussed. Finally, we propose prospective research directions based on the current situation and future tendency of leaf functional trait studies.
Plant leaves represent an important interface between a plant and the surrounding environment, and their functional traits are influenced by the external environment and phylogeny. Elucidating variations in leaf functional traits in different environments is crucial to understand plant adaptation. In this paper, the types and functional significance of the functional traits of leaves are summarized. Related studies on the two main factors affecting the functional traits of leaves (environmental factors and phylogenetic history), as well as involvement in plant adaptation, are also discussed. Finally, we propose prospective research directions based on the current situation and future tendency of leaf functional trait studies.
12
2000, 18(1): 57-63.
13
2000, 18(4): 339-343.
14
2009, 27(1): 55-61.
Abstract:
Tsuga tchekiangensis,an endemic and rare plant species,is listed as the third class protected plant in China.To describe the niche characteristics of T.tchekiangensis,10 plots were established in Jiulongshan National Nature Reserve and field data were obtained by contiguous grid quadrat method.The results indicated that comparing with other species,the niche breadth of T.tchekiangensis,Rhododendron simiarum and Schima superba in arbor layer is bigger;The niche breadth of T.tchekiangensis,Rhododendron simiarum,Ardisia crenata,Schima superba and Acer buergerignum is bigger than other shrub species;T.tchekiangensis has more similarity in niche overlap and niche similarity with these species than others.The results would offer scientific theories for Conservation of T.tchekiangensis.
Tsuga tchekiangensis,an endemic and rare plant species,is listed as the third class protected plant in China.To describe the niche characteristics of T.tchekiangensis,10 plots were established in Jiulongshan National Nature Reserve and field data were obtained by contiguous grid quadrat method.The results indicated that comparing with other species,the niche breadth of T.tchekiangensis,Rhododendron simiarum and Schima superba in arbor layer is bigger;The niche breadth of T.tchekiangensis,Rhododendron simiarum,Ardisia crenata,Schima superba and Acer buergerignum is bigger than other shrub species;T.tchekiangensis has more similarity in niche overlap and niche similarity with these species than others.The results would offer scientific theories for Conservation of T.tchekiangensis.
15
2010, 28(1): 49-55.
Abstract:
The effects of light intensities,temperatures,pH and salinities on photosynthesis of Chlorella sp.XQ200419 and Chlorella marina NJ016 were studied by measuring net photosynthetic O2 evolution.For Chlorella sp.XQ200419,the suitable light intensities ranged from 100 to 1600 μmol•m-2•s-1,and the saturation light intensity is about 500 μmol•m-2•s-1.The suitable temperatures ranged from 25℃ to 42.5℃,with the optimal temperature of 37.5℃.The suitable pH values ranged from 6.5 to 9.0,and the optimum is pH 70.The net photosynthetic O2 evolution decreased a little while the salinity increased from 0 mol/L to 0.6 mol/L.For Chlorella marina NJ016,the suitable light intensities ranged from 400 to 1600 μmol•m-2•s-1,and the saturation light intensity is about 1400 μmol•m-2•s-1.The suitable temperatures ranged from 25℃ to 42.5℃,with the optimal temperature of 37.5℃.The suitable pH values ranged from 5.0 to 9.0,and the optimum is pH 8.0.The net photosynthetic O2 evolution increased obviously while the salinity increased from 0 mol/L to 0.6 mol/L.The results indicated the basic physiological and ecological characteristics of the two Chlorella species:adapting to relatively strong light intensity,higher temperature,neutral to alkalescent conditions and higher salinity.However,there are some differences between these two species in their response to the change of environmental conditions.Compared with Chlorella sp.XQ200419, Chlorella marina NJ016 has higher saturation light intensity,and is able to adapt to much broader pH values.Besides,its photosynthesis is promoted by appropriate increase of salinity.It reveals that Chlorella marina NJ016 might have more potential for fast growth in cultivation. The results are helpful for optimization of culture conditions for Chlorella,and also valuable for selection of Chlorella strains suitable for mass culture.
The effects of light intensities,temperatures,pH and salinities on photosynthesis of Chlorella sp.XQ200419 and Chlorella marina NJ016 were studied by measuring net photosynthetic O2 evolution.For Chlorella sp.XQ200419,the suitable light intensities ranged from 100 to 1600 μmol•m-2•s-1,and the saturation light intensity is about 500 μmol•m-2•s-1.The suitable temperatures ranged from 25℃ to 42.5℃,with the optimal temperature of 37.5℃.The suitable pH values ranged from 6.5 to 9.0,and the optimum is pH 70.The net photosynthetic O2 evolution decreased a little while the salinity increased from 0 mol/L to 0.6 mol/L.For Chlorella marina NJ016,the suitable light intensities ranged from 400 to 1600 μmol•m-2•s-1,and the saturation light intensity is about 1400 μmol•m-2•s-1.The suitable temperatures ranged from 25℃ to 42.5℃,with the optimal temperature of 37.5℃.The suitable pH values ranged from 5.0 to 9.0,and the optimum is pH 8.0.The net photosynthetic O2 evolution increased obviously while the salinity increased from 0 mol/L to 0.6 mol/L.The results indicated the basic physiological and ecological characteristics of the two Chlorella species:adapting to relatively strong light intensity,higher temperature,neutral to alkalescent conditions and higher salinity.However,there are some differences between these two species in their response to the change of environmental conditions.Compared with Chlorella sp.XQ200419, Chlorella marina NJ016 has higher saturation light intensity,and is able to adapt to much broader pH values.Besides,its photosynthesis is promoted by appropriate increase of salinity.It reveals that Chlorella marina NJ016 might have more potential for fast growth in cultivation. The results are helpful for optimization of culture conditions for Chlorella,and also valuable for selection of Chlorella strains suitable for mass culture.
16
2008, 26(6): 650-660.
Abstract:
Energy is the mainstay of modern industry and the motivity of sustainable development for national economy.The bio-energy,as one form of renewable energy with wide resource,its application could not only relax the energy crises but also restrain the environmental pollution.Many species of microalgae are known for their high content of lipids in the cells,and can be used for production of biodiesel;some microalgae are able to accumulate a lot of hydrocarbon which can be made into gasoline or diesel,and some of them can produce hydrogen in some case.With the advantages of easy to cultivate,fast growth,high biomass production and rich in lipids and hydrocarbon,microalgae is an important resource of bio-energy.Consequently,governments of many countries,scientists and enterprisers have paid much attention to the research and development of algal renewable energy.This paper summarized the present progress of using microalgae to produce hydrogen,hydrocarbon and lipids.The main problems and strategies for renewable energy production by microalgae were discussed,and the prospect of research and development of renewable energy production by microalgae in China was expected.
Energy is the mainstay of modern industry and the motivity of sustainable development for national economy.The bio-energy,as one form of renewable energy with wide resource,its application could not only relax the energy crises but also restrain the environmental pollution.Many species of microalgae are known for their high content of lipids in the cells,and can be used for production of biodiesel;some microalgae are able to accumulate a lot of hydrocarbon which can be made into gasoline or diesel,and some of them can produce hydrogen in some case.With the advantages of easy to cultivate,fast growth,high biomass production and rich in lipids and hydrocarbon,microalgae is an important resource of bio-energy.Consequently,governments of many countries,scientists and enterprisers have paid much attention to the research and development of algal renewable energy.This paper summarized the present progress of using microalgae to produce hydrogen,hydrocarbon and lipids.The main problems and strategies for renewable energy production by microalgae were discussed,and the prospect of research and development of renewable energy production by microalgae in China was expected.
17
1999, 17(2): 163-172.
18
Abstract:
We investigated the effects of salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) foliar applications on photosynthesis and accumulation of non-structure sugar of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge seedlings.Results showed that SA treatment was favorable in developing leaf microstructure and increased leaf stomata density.Intercellular space in the mesophyll tissue,size of mesophyll cell,and number of chloroplast per mesophyll cell were also reduced,but the size of chloroplast and number of granum in the chloroplast were markedly increased.Correspondingly,contents of chlorophyll a and b in the leaves,net photosynthetic rate of the leaves,and contents of sucrose and soluble sugar in shoots of the SA-treated seedling were together significantly increased following decreased activity of acid invertase in both shoots and roots.The MeJA application to the seedlings resulted in contrary effects in decreasing density of leaf stomata,incurring a number of abnormal stomata,decreasing layer of palisade cell and increasing intercellular space in mesophyll tissue,while number and size of chloroplast was notably reduced and granum in the chloroplast was destroyed.The MeJA treatment also decreased contents of chlorophyll a and carotenoid in leaves but significantly increased activity of acid invertase in both shoots and roots of the seedlings;as a consequence leaf net photosynthetic rate,contents of sucrose and total amount of soluble sugar in roots of the seedlings were decreased. In conclusion,the SA application to S.miltiorrhiza seedling accelerated sucrose accumulation by promoting the development of leaf microstructure to accelerate photosynthesis and inhibiting sucrose hydrolysis,while MeJA application to the seedlings decreased sucrose accumulation by damaging leaf microstructure to impair photosynthesis and accelerating sucrose hydrolysis.
We investigated the effects of salicylic acid (SA) and methyl jasmonate (MeJA) foliar applications on photosynthesis and accumulation of non-structure sugar of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge seedlings.Results showed that SA treatment was favorable in developing leaf microstructure and increased leaf stomata density.Intercellular space in the mesophyll tissue,size of mesophyll cell,and number of chloroplast per mesophyll cell were also reduced,but the size of chloroplast and number of granum in the chloroplast were markedly increased.Correspondingly,contents of chlorophyll a and b in the leaves,net photosynthetic rate of the leaves,and contents of sucrose and soluble sugar in shoots of the SA-treated seedling were together significantly increased following decreased activity of acid invertase in both shoots and roots.The MeJA application to the seedlings resulted in contrary effects in decreasing density of leaf stomata,incurring a number of abnormal stomata,decreasing layer of palisade cell and increasing intercellular space in mesophyll tissue,while number and size of chloroplast was notably reduced and granum in the chloroplast was destroyed.The MeJA treatment also decreased contents of chlorophyll a and carotenoid in leaves but significantly increased activity of acid invertase in both shoots and roots of the seedlings;as a consequence leaf net photosynthetic rate,contents of sucrose and total amount of soluble sugar in roots of the seedlings were decreased. In conclusion,the SA application to S.miltiorrhiza seedling accelerated sucrose accumulation by promoting the development of leaf microstructure to accelerate photosynthesis and inhibiting sucrose hydrolysis,while MeJA application to the seedlings decreased sucrose accumulation by damaging leaf microstructure to impair photosynthesis and accelerating sucrose hydrolysis.
19
1997, 15(4): 369-374.
20
1990, 8(3): 202-207.
Abstract:
This paper presents the results of genetical and cytological analysis and identification of peroxidase isozyme by electrophoresis in a spontaneous mutant(Multiple-A) derived from a veriety Multiple-tillering Sorghum.The inheritance of male sterile character of Multiple-A is controlled by a pair of recessive allele, the Multiple-A has no relationship to nuclear-cytoplasmic form of sterile line(3197A). During the meiosis the chromosomal behaviour was in abnormality of chromosomal number, asynapsis, earlier disjunction and delay of chromosome in a few cells. The normal number of chromosome is n=10.The isozyme pattern of peroxidase in uninucleate pollens was characterized. It was found that there were eleven bands in the sample of sterile pollens of "Multiple-A" and eight bands in that of "Multiple-B" during uninucleate phase of developing pollens. But up to the trinucleate phase of developing pollens, seven bands could be found in "Multiple-A" and only five bands remained in "Multiple-B".
This paper presents the results of genetical and cytological analysis and identification of peroxidase isozyme by electrophoresis in a spontaneous mutant(Multiple-A) derived from a veriety Multiple-tillering Sorghum.The inheritance of male sterile character of Multiple-A is controlled by a pair of recessive allele, the Multiple-A has no relationship to nuclear-cytoplasmic form of sterile line(3197A). During the meiosis the chromosomal behaviour was in abnormality of chromosomal number, asynapsis, earlier disjunction and delay of chromosome in a few cells. The normal number of chromosome is n=10.The isozyme pattern of peroxidase in uninucleate pollens was characterized. It was found that there were eleven bands in the sample of sterile pollens of "Multiple-A" and eight bands in that of "Multiple-B" during uninucleate phase of developing pollens. But up to the trinucleate phase of developing pollens, seven bands could be found in "Multiple-A" and only five bands remained in "Multiple-B".
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