Studies on Biological Features of Growth and Fruiting from Pistachios Cultivars

The biological features on growth and fruiting of six pistachio cultivars from the US and Xinjiang of China were studied. Results show that Kerman and 26-18^# cultivars can bear nuts after grafted three-year old at Taian, Shandong. Affinity is vary strong between Pistacia vera and Pistacia chinensis about fifty-year old, survival tree rate and survival scion rate of pistachio cultivars grafted are 70%-100%, but there are dying buds (shoots) after 20 May grafted. Growth rhythm appears S-type to leaf and shoot of pistachio cultivars, leaf area index (LAI) mean is 3.98. Three-year old after grafting, there are thirty-one spikes on maximum growing scion and 88.5-116 nuts on each spike, and nuts and kernels develop very well. Each fruit wt. is about 0.81-1.89 g, stone/fruit and kernel/stone are 54.3%-55.0% and 48.1%-59.1%,respectively. Biological features of growth and fruiting on pistachio cultivars are discussed in this paper.