Analysis of Morphological Plasticity of <em>Trapa</em> L. from China and Their Taxonomic Significance

FAN Xiang-Rong; LI Zhi; CHU Hai-Jia; LI Wei; LIU Yan-Ling; CHEN Yuan-Yuan

doi:10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2016.30340

Plant Science Journal > 2016 > 34(3): 340-351. > DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2016.30340 CSTR: 32231.14.PSJ.2095-0837.2016.30340

FAN Xiang-Rong, LI Zhi, CHU Hai-Jia, LI Wei, LIU Yan-Ling, CHEN Yuan-Yuan. Analysis of Morphological Plasticity of Trapa L. from China and Their Taxonomic Significance[J]. Plant Science Journal, 2016, 34(3): 340-351. DOI: 10.11913/PSJ.2095-0837.2016.30340

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Analysis of Morphological Plasticity of Trapa L. from China and Their Taxonomic Significance

1. Key Laboratory of Aquatic Plant and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China;
2. Laboratory of Aquatic Plant Biology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430074, China

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This work was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31100247).

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Received Date: October 22, 2015
Revised Date: November 19, 2015
Available Online: October 31, 2022
Published Date: June 27, 2016

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Abstract

Abstract

With many lakes, rivers, and marshes, the middle-lower Yangtze and Sanjiang plains are the two largest alluvial floodplains in China. After extensive surveys of the two areas, wild species of Trapa were found to be abundant in the two plains, and included 42 populations consisting of nine species (T. maximowiczii, T. incisa, T. quadrispinosa, T. bispinosa, T. japonica, T. manshurica, T. macropoda, T. octotuberculata, and T. mammillifer) and three variants (T. natans var . pumila, T. quadrispinosa var. yongxiuensis,and T. pseudoincisa var. nanchangensis). The morphological plasticity and taxonomic significance of the wild species of Trapa were evaluated using 16 classification characters. Results showed that: (1) the species and variants of Trapa were divided into two groups based on nut size and snout. Group A contained two species, T. maximowiczii and T. incisa; the remaining seven species and three variants were included in Group B; (2) for the five species and two variants with pseudohorns, cluster analysis of the morphological characters showed that T. maximowiczii and T. incisa were clustered together and separated from the other species and variants; and, (3) low taxonomic values were found for the characters of tubercles on nuts, leaves and petiole swellings. In conclusion, nut size and the morphology of the snout and pseudohorn offered the best diagnostic criteria for the classification of Trapa.
- Trapa,
- Taxonomic signification,
- Snout,
- Nut size,
- Pseudohorn

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References (33)

References

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