2001 Vol. 19 No. 3
2001, 19(3): 177-180.
Abstract:
With biotin-labelled total genomic DNAs from Chinese wild rice, Oryza meyeriana as probe and 4-fold unlabelled total genomic DNA from cultivated rice,O.sativa IR 36 as blocking,genomic in situ hybridization was applied to somatic chromosome preparations of O.sativa×O.meyeriana F1 hybrid.When detected with anti-biotin-FITC,O.meyeriana chromosomes gave gree-nish-yellow fluorescence while cultivated rice chromosomes fluoresced red with PIcounterstain.The area of signal on each wild chromosome was small.It suggested that a great part of DNA sequence in O.meyeriana is homologous to cultivated rice.
With biotin-labelled total genomic DNAs from Chinese wild rice, Oryza meyeriana as probe and 4-fold unlabelled total genomic DNA from cultivated rice,O.sativa IR 36 as blocking,genomic in situ hybridization was applied to somatic chromosome preparations of O.sativa×O.meyeriana F1 hybrid.When detected with anti-biotin-FITC,O.meyeriana chromosomes gave gree-nish-yellow fluorescence while cultivated rice chromosomes fluoresced red with PIcounterstain.The area of signal on each wild chromosome was small.It suggested that a great part of DNA sequence in O.meyeriana is homologous to cultivated rice.
2001, 19(3): 181-186.
Abstract:
In order to reveal genetic basis of heterosis in rice,studies were performed on isozymes of 14 kinds of enzymes in shoots for 6 hybrids and their parents;and isozyme loci were detected for isozyme bands which were clear and stable.Related data to 28 loci were acquired,which include character,phenotype polymorphism of each locus and enzyme activity,average relative mobility of enzyme bands encoded by each locus.No differences were shown among all of the experimental materials on 25 loci,and differences only appeared among 6 hybrids and their parents on 3 loci(i.e.Est-4,Amy-1,Aat-2),in which,isozyme bands of 81.8 percent combinations showed co-dominance phenomena.In addition,the relationships between co dominance and heterosis were discussed.
In order to reveal genetic basis of heterosis in rice,studies were performed on isozymes of 14 kinds of enzymes in shoots for 6 hybrids and their parents;and isozyme loci were detected for isozyme bands which were clear and stable.Related data to 28 loci were acquired,which include character,phenotype polymorphism of each locus and enzyme activity,average relative mobility of enzyme bands encoded by each locus.No differences were shown among all of the experimental materials on 25 loci,and differences only appeared among 6 hybrids and their parents on 3 loci(i.e.Est-4,Amy-1,Aat-2),in which,isozyme bands of 81.8 percent combinations showed co-dominance phenomena.In addition,the relationships between co dominance and heterosis were discussed.
2001, 19(3): 187-190.
Abstract:
Caldesia grandis Samuel.is an endangered aquatic plant which was once considered to be extinct in mainland China and was recently found in a bog in a mountainous region of Hunan Province.Acytological study on the species basing on the materials from the newly found locality is reported here.The karyotypical analysis reveals that this species has a chromosome number of 22 and contains high-level asymmetrical chromosomal complements.Combining the results of cytological and paleontological studies on some closely related species reported by earlier researchers,it is suggested here that the genus Caldesia is probably the most advanced group in Alismataceae.
Caldesia grandis Samuel.is an endangered aquatic plant which was once considered to be extinct in mainland China and was recently found in a bog in a mountainous region of Hunan Province.Acytological study on the species basing on the materials from the newly found locality is reported here.The karyotypical analysis reveals that this species has a chromosome number of 22 and contains high-level asymmetrical chromosomal complements.Combining the results of cytological and paleontological studies on some closely related species reported by earlier researchers,it is suggested here that the genus Caldesia is probably the most advanced group in Alismataceae.
Abstract:
In this paper, author introduces the history of classification of Yulania Spach, compares the difference between Yulania and Magnolia, dissertates the evolution of powder chamber dehisce on side→extrorse or introrse, flower after leaves→flower before leaves and flower bud acrogenous→axillary→cyme, and presents some new opinions such as that Yulania and Magnolia are two converged genera, flower before leaves is the sign of Yulania, and the origin, distribution and diversity center of Yulania is China. To affirm the genus Yulania can effectively settle the disputed of the system of Magnolia L. and Magnoliaceae.
In this paper, author introduces the history of classification of Yulania Spach, compares the difference between Yulania and Magnolia, dissertates the evolution of powder chamber dehisce on side→extrorse or introrse, flower after leaves→flower before leaves and flower bud acrogenous→axillary→cyme, and presents some new opinions such as that Yulania and Magnolia are two converged genera, flower before leaves is the sign of Yulania, and the origin, distribution and diversity center of Yulania is China. To affirm the genus Yulania can effectively settle the disputed of the system of Magnolia L. and Magnoliaceae.
2001, 19(3): 199-208.
Abstract:
There are 2201 species in 889 genera and 174 families of seed plants in Napo County which is located in the southwest of Guangxi Province.Among them,5 families are endemic to East Asia, 15 genera to China and 39 species to Napo County.The results show that this region is rich in plant taxa and endemism.Among the 15 genera endemic to China,1 genus endemic to Napo County and 4 genera belong to Gesneriaceae.In the specific level,we analysed the areal subtypes of the Chinese endemic species and areal types of the genera to which the 39 species endemic to the region belong,the results all show that this flora has strongly tropical and subtropical characters.Endemism developed in the limestone regions of Napo County shows that a remarkable feature.This phenomenon is conspicous in Gesneriaceae.
There are 2201 species in 889 genera and 174 families of seed plants in Napo County which is located in the southwest of Guangxi Province.Among them,5 families are endemic to East Asia, 15 genera to China and 39 species to Napo County.The results show that this region is rich in plant taxa and endemism.Among the 15 genera endemic to China,1 genus endemic to Napo County and 4 genera belong to Gesneriaceae.In the specific level,we analysed the areal subtypes of the Chinese endemic species and areal types of the genera to which the 39 species endemic to the region belong,the results all show that this flora has strongly tropical and subtropical characters.Endemism developed in the limestone regions of Napo County shows that a remarkable feature.This phenomenon is conspicous in Gesneriaceae.
2001, 19(3): 209-214.
Abstract:
One genus 19 species 8 varieties and 1 form are reported as new records from Flora of Anhui Province in this paper. All the voucher specimens are preserved in the Herbarium of Forest Utilization Faculty, Anhui Agricultural University (AAUF).
One genus 19 species 8 varieties and 1 form are reported as new records from Flora of Anhui Province in this paper. All the voucher specimens are preserved in the Herbarium of Forest Utilization Faculty, Anhui Agricultural University (AAUF).
2001, 19(3): 215-219.
Abstract:
It is now known that there are 558 species (including varieties) of fern in Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces, which belong to 119 genera and 49 families.The floristic elements showed that the pteridophytic flora of these provinces are of temperate and tropical features.The areal types of E. Asia are absolute predominance.The endemic species have been formed evidently in south Zhejiang.The fern of North Anhui and North Jiangsu are poor.South Zhejiang Mountains,combined with East Jiangxi and North Fujian,is the richest region of fern flora in East China.
It is now known that there are 558 species (including varieties) of fern in Jiangsu,Zhejiang and Anhui Provinces, which belong to 119 genera and 49 families.The floristic elements showed that the pteridophytic flora of these provinces are of temperate and tropical features.The areal types of E. Asia are absolute predominance.The endemic species have been formed evidently in south Zhejiang.The fern of North Anhui and North Jiangsu are poor.South Zhejiang Mountains,combined with East Jiangxi and North Fujian,is the richest region of fern flora in East China.
2001, 19(3): 220-224.
Abstract:
Genetic diversity and population differentiation among 5 Cepha lotaxus mannii Hk.f.populations were investigated using the assay of vertical slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.Cephalotaxus mannii Hk.f.maintained relatively low level of genetic variation with P =0.33, A =1.33, He =0.135 and Ho =0.139.Genetic differentiation (Gst) was low among populations, Gst was 0.123,and the means of genetic identity and genetic distance were 0.9719 and 0.0288 respectively.The greatest differentiation between Mt.Limu population and others may be attributable to the prevalent wind direction in the season of pollination.
Genetic diversity and population differentiation among 5 Cepha lotaxus mannii Hk.f.populations were investigated using the assay of vertical slab polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis.Cephalotaxus mannii Hk.f.maintained relatively low level of genetic variation with P =0.33, A =1.33, He =0.135 and Ho =0.139.Genetic differentiation (Gst) was low among populations, Gst was 0.123,and the means of genetic identity and genetic distance were 0.9719 and 0.0288 respectively.The greatest differentiation between Mt.Limu population and others may be attributable to the prevalent wind direction in the season of pollination.
2001, 19(3): 225-232.
Abstract:
Species diversity of the Yukeng forest communities in Xianju County of Zhejiang Province was determined and analyzed by using the index of species richness, species diversity and community evenness. The results are given below. The communities are mainly composed of evergreen tree species under favorable conditions. The species richness and species diversity index of the woody plants are obviously greater than those of the herbs. In terms of the community's vertical structure, the species richness and species diversity index of the second layer of the woody plants are much greater than those of the first layer. The third layer of the woody plants is the greatest in relation to species richness while the herb layer is the smallest. If the species diversity index and community evenness are concerned,the second layer of woody plants is the greatest while the herb layer the smallest. The diversity indices of various la yers of the woody plants and the herb layer are to a certain degree different among the plots.
Species diversity of the Yukeng forest communities in Xianju County of Zhejiang Province was determined and analyzed by using the index of species richness, species diversity and community evenness. The results are given below. The communities are mainly composed of evergreen tree species under favorable conditions. The species richness and species diversity index of the woody plants are obviously greater than those of the herbs. In terms of the community's vertical structure, the species richness and species diversity index of the second layer of the woody plants are much greater than those of the first layer. The third layer of the woody plants is the greatest in relation to species richness while the herb layer is the smallest. If the species diversity index and community evenness are concerned,the second layer of woody plants is the greatest while the herb layer the smallest. The diversity indices of various la yers of the woody plants and the herb layer are to a certain degree different among the plots.
2001, 19(3): 233-240.
Abstract:
By applying the contiguous grid quadrats, the technique of censusing every individual, with the time specific method for life-table analysis, it has been studied about the size structure and spatial patterns of dominant populations from Tiantong shrub community in Zhejiang Province. The results show that Symplocos sumuntia is a stable population; Loropetalum chinense is a declining population; Castanopsis sclerophylla, Quercus fabri are increasing populations. Based on analyzing the spatial patterns of these dominant populations, it is shown that only Loropetalum chinense population is of random distribution type while the other populations are of contagious distribution types.
By applying the contiguous grid quadrats, the technique of censusing every individual, with the time specific method for life-table analysis, it has been studied about the size structure and spatial patterns of dominant populations from Tiantong shrub community in Zhejiang Province. The results show that Symplocos sumuntia is a stable population; Loropetalum chinense is a declining population; Castanopsis sclerophylla, Quercus fabri are increasing populations. Based on analyzing the spatial patterns of these dominant populations, it is shown that only Loropetalum chinense population is of random distribution type while the other populations are of contagious distribution types.
2001, 19(3): 241-247.
Abstract:
The structure characteristics of a typical community of rare and endangered plants of Houhe Nature Reserve in the Southwest Hubei were studied . The results showed that there were 15 species of rare and endangered plants in 1400 m2 samples. The dominant species of the community were Tetracentron sinense and Dipteronia sinensis . The spatial pattern of the main populations were the clump type except that the population of Tapiscia sinensis was the random type. The tree class structure of Tetracentron sinense, Tapiscia sinensis and Davidia involucrata populations were senescent type, Dipteronia sinensis, Aesculus wilsonii and Davidia involucrata var. vilmorniana populations were vigorous type structure and Fagus longipetiolata population was adult type structure. The vertical structure of the community was composed by tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer. The structure of the whole community was stable. The rare and endangered plants of the community predominated both in the tree layer and others layers. The community might success to the community which dominant species were not rare and endangered plants if the seedlings of the rare and endangered plants in the community were excessively collected.
The structure characteristics of a typical community of rare and endangered plants of Houhe Nature Reserve in the Southwest Hubei were studied . The results showed that there were 15 species of rare and endangered plants in 1400 m2 samples. The dominant species of the community were Tetracentron sinense and Dipteronia sinensis . The spatial pattern of the main populations were the clump type except that the population of Tapiscia sinensis was the random type. The tree class structure of Tetracentron sinense, Tapiscia sinensis and Davidia involucrata populations were senescent type, Dipteronia sinensis, Aesculus wilsonii and Davidia involucrata var. vilmorniana populations were vigorous type structure and Fagus longipetiolata population was adult type structure. The vertical structure of the community was composed by tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer. The structure of the whole community was stable. The rare and endangered plants of the community predominated both in the tree layer and others layers. The community might success to the community which dominant species were not rare and endangered plants if the seedlings of the rare and endangered plants in the community were excessively collected.
2001, 19(3): 248-254.
Abstract:
The uptodate advances of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) for last ten years are reviewed in the article. These methods initially deriving from animal research have been developed in plant study, such as Multicolor Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (McFISH), Third-strand in situ Hybridization (TISH), Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) and Simultaneous in situ Hybridization. GISHapplied widely in plant can reveal the species origin and evolution and determine the truth of distant hybrid containing foreign chromatin. Also it can research the chromosome behaviour including Bchromosome and explore the genomic mapping and genic function. Finally the applicability and resolving power of GISHabout taxonomic distance, genomic size and the length of chromosome fragment are discussed, as well as the future and the status of GISHin plant.
The uptodate advances of genomic in situ hybridization (GISH) for last ten years are reviewed in the article. These methods initially deriving from animal research have been developed in plant study, such as Multicolor Fluorescence in situ Hybridization (McFISH), Third-strand in situ Hybridization (TISH), Comparative Genomic Hybridization (CGH) and Simultaneous in situ Hybridization. GISHapplied widely in plant can reveal the species origin and evolution and determine the truth of distant hybrid containing foreign chromatin. Also it can research the chromosome behaviour including Bchromosome and explore the genomic mapping and genic function. Finally the applicability and resolving power of GISHabout taxonomic distance, genomic size and the length of chromosome fragment are discussed, as well as the future and the status of GISHin plant.
2001, 19(3): 255-258.
2001, 19(3): 259-261.